全球众包响应!网友译穹顶之下英文版
《穹顶之下》是一部关于大陆雾霾调查纪录片，由前央视主持人柴静耗时1年、自费百万人民币（约500万台币）制作。2月28日在网络上发表后，已超过2亿网友观看与评论。许多关心大陆环保现况的人士，透过「网络众包」方式快速译成英文。http://meng.horse/xwb/images/bgimg/icon_logo.png 该贴已经同步到 Horse的微博 提高传播率·· 早就该有人站出来了！！！ 马哥，那视频已经被禁播了。
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.54,0:00:06.04,Default,,0,0,0,,This graph shows the Beijing PM2.5 index during January 2013
Dialogue: 0,0:00:06.12,0:00:08.58,Default,,0,0,0,,In just one month, there were 25 days of smog
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.70,0:00:10.20,Default,,0,0,0,,I was in Beijing at that time
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.36,0:00:12.80,Default,,0,0,0,,and as I looked back on this curve over the course of that year,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.90,0:00:15.62,Default,,0,0,0,,I tried to recall the senses and emotions
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.62,0:00:17.10,Default,,0,0,0,,But I couldn't
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.10,0:00:19.96,Default,,0,0,0,,At that time everyone said the haze was caused
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.96,0:00:21.74,Default,,0,0,0,,by random weather patterns
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.74,0:00:23.14,Default,,0,0,0,,Hardly anyone took it seriously
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.14,0:00:25.44,Default,,0,0,0,,In that month, I made four business trips:
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.44,0:00:29.00,Default,,0,0,0,,To Shaanxi, Henan, Jiangxi and Zhejiang
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.22,0:00:31.72,Default,,0,0,0,,Looking back at the sky of these trips,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.72,0:00:33.72,Default,,0,0,0,,it seems like China at that time was immersed in smog
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.72,0:00:36.84,Default,,0,0,0,,blanketing 25 provinces and 600 million people
Dialogue: 0,0:00:36.84,0:00:39.36,Default,,0,0,0,,I was right in the middle of it, but I didn't even realize it
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.36,0:00:41.50,Default,,0,0,0,,But the sensation in my throat remained
Dialogue: 0,0:00:41.50,0:00:44.10,Default,,0,0,0,,When I was in Xi'an, I was coughing so badly that I couldn't even sleep
Dialogue: 0,0:00:44.10,0:00:46.68,Default,,0,0,0,,I cut up a lemon and put it beside my pillow
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.92,0:00:49.32,Default,,0,0,0,,When I returned to Beijing,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.32,0:00:51.32,Default,,0,0,0,,I discovered that I was pregnant
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.32,0:00:54.02,Default,,0,0,0,,This is what she looked like the first time I saw her
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.02,0:00:56.78,Default,,0,0,0,,At that moment, I knew she must be a girl
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.78,0:00:58.94,Default,,0,0,0,,Because it looked like she had a girl's haircut
Dialogue: 0,0:00:59.56,0:01:02.36,Default,,0,0,0,,When I heard her heartbeat for the first time,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:02.36,0:01:05.60,Default,,0,0,0,,There was nothing I wanted more than for her to be healthy
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.08,0:01:08.14,Default,,0,0,0,,But
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.50,0:01:11.10,Default,,0,0,0,,she was diagnosed with a benign tumor
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.10,0:01:13.72,Default,,0,0,0,,which would require surgery immediately after birth
Dialogue: 0,0:01:13.72,0:01:16.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Before the anaesthesia, the doctor told me
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.98,0:01:19.18,Default,,0,0,0,,“Your baby is so young that there is a possibility
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.18,0:01:21.18,Default,,0,0,0,,she won't survive the general anaesthetic.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.18,0:01:24.16,Default,,0,0,0,,You need to be mentally prepared for it.”
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.50,0:01:29.00,Default,,0,0,0,,Before I could even hold her, she was carried off to the operating room
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.32,0:01:33.06,Default,,0,0,0,,After that, the nurse gave me a toy bear
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.06,0:01:35.68,Default,,0,0,0,,which she used to comfort children
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.68,0:01:37.68,Default,,0,0,0,,Instead, she used it to comfort me
Dialogue: 0,0:01:37.68,0:01:40.78,Default,,0,0,0,,When I saw my little angel after the surgery, she was still unconscious
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.78,0:01:42.78,Default,,0,0,0,,The doctor said,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:42.78,0:01:44.48,Default,,0,0,0,,“The operation was very successful.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.48,0:01:46.48,Default,,0,0,0,,But there is one thing you have to forgive me for:
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.48,0:01:52.00,Default,,0,0,0,,She is so chubby that it took several attempts to find a vein for the anesthetic.”
Dialogue: 0,0:01:54.24,0:01:56.88,Default,,0,0,0,,I took her tiny hand, full of needle marks,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.88,0:01:58.12,Default,,0,0,0,,and I held it to my face
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.12,0:02:00.12,Default,,0,0,0,,I called her name
Dialogue: 0,0:02:00.12,0:02:02.80,Default,,0,0,0,,until she opened her eyes and looked at me
Dialogue: 0,0:02:04.72,0:02:07.34,Default,,0,0,0,,I'm a very lucky person
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.34,0:02:09.34,Default,,0,0,0,,After that, I quit my job so I could
Dialogue: 0,0:02:09.34,0:02:11.34,Default,,0,0,0,,spend my time keeping her company and looking after her
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.34,0:02:14.64,Default,,0,0,0,,As long as we are all together, safe and sound, nothing else matters
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.14,0:02:20.34,Default,,0,0,0,,But already on our way home from the hospital, I started to feel scared
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.34,0:02:22.66,Default,,0,0,0,,The smell of black smoke and burning fire was everywhere
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.66,0:02:24.86,Default,,0,0,0,,I covered her nose with my handkerchief
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.86,0:02:26.42,Default,,0,0,0,,I know how stupid that seems,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:26.42,0:02:29.06,Default,,0,0,0,,since in her struggle to breathe through it, she would just breathe in more smog
Dialogue: 0,0:02:29.06,0:02:31.30,Default,,0,0,0,,Before that moment, I'd never been afraid of air pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.30,0:02:33.30,Default,,0,0,0,,and I'd never worn a filter mask
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.30,0:02:35.76,Default,,0,0,0,,But now, there is a little life in your arms
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.76,0:02:39.28,Default,,0,0,0,,her breathing, eating and drinking are all on your shoulders
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.28,0:02:41.28,Default,,0,0,0,,That's when you begin to feel afraid
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.28,0:02:43.28,Default,,0,0,0,,That severe smog at the end of 2013 lasted about two months
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.28,0:02:45.74,Default,,0,0,0,,The continuing smog made me feel like it was more than just a random occurrence
Dialogue: 0,0:02:45.74,0:02:47.74,Default,,0,0,0,,and that it couldn't possibly be over quickly
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.74,0:02:51.58,Default,,0,0,0,,It was the same sky that I saw ten years ago, when I was in Shanxi
Dialogue: 0,0:03:01.73,0:03:03.36,Default,,0,0,0,,2004 interview
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.44,0:03:05.16,Default,,0,0,0,,Chai: “Is it like this every day?”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.16,0:03:07.16,Default,,0,0,0,,Boy: “Every day of every year, it's like this!
Dialogue: 0,0:03:07.16,0:03:10.20,Default,,0,0,0,,It's lasted for three years now, not just a day or two.”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.26,0:03:13.10,Default,,0,0,0,,“Benzopyrene is a powerful carcinogen
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.18,0:03:16.04,Default,,0,0,0,,As time goes on, it accumulates in one's body
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.06,0:03:19.28,Default,,0,0,0,,Once enough of it accumulates, it increases a person's risk of getting cancer.”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.30,0:03:22.48,Default,,0,0,0,,Rivers in Shanxi: 88.4% are polluted, 62% are no longer usable
Dialogue: 0,0:03:22.48,0:03:24.24,Default,,0,0,0,,Chai: “Sir, do you think this is still a river?”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:24.24,0:03:25.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Wang: “It's not river water, it's wastewater.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:25.98,0:03:27.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Tests show that the annual average
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.42,0:03:30.88,Default,,0,0,0,,benzopyrene level here is 290 times above the regulatory limit.”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.04,0:03:33.96,Default,,0,0,0,,Abandoned mine area: Ground water levels have fallen; environmental crisis is imminent
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.96,0:03:35.82,Default,,0,0,0,,Person: “All of the trees over there died.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:36.14,0:03:38.58,Default,,0,0,0,,Those two big trees there have completely split open.”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.74,0:03:48.04,Default,,0,0,0,,Chai: “Have you ever seen a real star before?”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.04,0:03:50.04,Default,,0,0,0,,Wang Huiqing: “No, I haven't.”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.04,0:03:52.38,Default,,0,0,0,,Chai: “What about blue sky?”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:52.38,0:03:54.38,Default,,0,0,0,,Wang Huiqing: “I've seen one that's a little blue.”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.38,0:03:56.38,Default,,0,0,0,,Chai: “What about white clouds?”
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.38,0:03:58.38,Default,,0,0,0,,Wang Huiqing: “No, I haven't.”
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.80,0:04:06.16,Default,,0,0,0,,When I interviewed this six-year-old girl in 2004,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.16,0:04:08.56,Default,,0,0,0,,it didn't cross my mind at all that what she said
Dialogue: 0,0:04:08.56,0:04:11.76,Default,,0,0,0,,could be the same experience my daughter would have
Dialogue: 0,0:04:13.08,0:04:16.48,Default,,0,0,0,,These photos show each day of 2014 in Beijing
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.48,0:04:19.58,Default,,0,0,0,,Only when the air quality was good would I dare take my daughter outside with me
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.58,0:04:21.90,Default,,0,0,0,,But how many good days were there?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.98,0:04:25.08,Default,,0,0,0,,175 were polluted
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.08,0:04:28.30,Default,,0,0,0,,That means that in one year, half of the time I had no choice
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.30,0:04:30.30,Default,,0,0,0,,but to keep her at home like a prisoner
Dialogue: 0,0:04:30.30,0:04:32.68,Default,,0,0,0,,Ten years ago, the director of the Environmental Protection Bureau told me,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.76,0:04:36.08,Default,,0,0,0,,“Xiaoyi is a microcosm of Shanxi; Shanxi is a microcosm of China.”
Dialogue: 0,0:04:36.08,0:04:37.72,Default,,0,0,0,,In just a decade,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.72,0:04:40.04,Default,,0,0,0,,I've looked on helplessly as this has come true
Dialogue: 0,0:04:40.04,0:04:43.02,Default,,0,0,0,,In March-April 2014
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.14,0:04:46.50,Default,,0,0,0,,46 photographers
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.50,0:04:50.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Recorded images of the sky for 40 consecutive days
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.56,0:04:56.96,Default,,0,0,0,,Tianjin - 197 polluted days in 2014
Dialogue: 0,0:04:56.96,0:05:02.60,Default,,0,0,0,,Shenyang - 152 polluted days in 2014
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.64,0:05:06.30,Default,,0,0,0,,Chengdu - 125 polluted days in 2014
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.70,0:05:09.22,Default,,0,0,0,,Lanzhou - 112 polluted days in 2014
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.22,0:05:14.76,Default,,0,0,0,,Shijiazhuang - 264 polluted days in 2014
Dialogue: 0,0:05:20.12,0:05:22.80,Default,,0,0,0,,I once watched a TV series titled "Under the Dome"
Dialogue: 0,0:05:23.30,0:05:26.38,Default,,0,0,0,,It was about a small town suddenly enclosed by a dome that appeared out of nowhere
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.38,0:05:29.46,Default,,0,0,0,,Cut off from the world, no way out
Dialogue: 0,0:05:29.46,0:05:33.04,Default,,0,0,0,,But one day, I realized that we're all living in the same reality
Dialogue: 0,0:05:33.04,0:05:35.48,Default,,0,0,0,,Sometimes, when I get up in the morning,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.48,0:05:37.92,Default,,0,0,0,,I see my daughter standing in front of our balcony smacking the glass window
Dialogue: 0,0:05:37.92,0:05:39.92,Default,,0,0,0,,This is her method of telling me that she wants to go outside
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.92,0:05:41.92,Default,,0,0,0,,I think, one day, she will ask me
Dialogue: 0,0:05:41.92,0:05:43.92,Default,,0,0,0,,Mama, why do you keep me shut inside?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.92,0:05:45.76,Default,,0,0,0,,What is really out there?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:45.76,0:05:47.08,Default,,0,0,0,,Will anything hurt me?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:47.08,0:05:48.64,Default,,0,0,0,,Everything I have done throughout this year
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.64,0:05:51.86,Default,,0,0,0,,is to answer the questions she will ask me in the future
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.86,0:05:53.04,Default,,0,0,0,,What is smog?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.04,0:05:54.12,Default,,0,0,0,,Where does it come from?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.12,0:05:55.62,Default,,0,0,0,,What can we do about it?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:56.16,0:05:58.14,Default,,0,0,0,,So, what is the smog?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.42,0:06:02.44,Default,,0,0,0,,Sometimes, I turn off the light
Dialogue: 0,0:06:02.44,0:06:04.44,Default,,0,0,0,,I want to see it
Dialogue: 0,0:06:04.44,0:06:06.44,Default,,0,0,0,,I know that PM2.5 is here
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.54,0:06:11.26,Default,,0,0,0,,They're airborne particles with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers
Dialogue: 0,0:06:11.26,0:06:14.20,Default,,0,0,0,,So they reflect a large amount of visible light,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:14.20,0:06:17.14,Default,,0,0,0,,leaving us in a world with very low visibility
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.14,0:06:19.14,Default,,0,0,0,,However, I can't see them
Dialogue: 0,0:06:19.14,0:06:22.62,Default,,0,0,0,,because the smallest particle the naked eye can see is twenty times bigger
Dialogue: 0,0:06:22.62,0:06:25.88,Default,,0,0,0,,In other words, this is a war against an invisible enemy
Dialogue: 0,0:06:25.88,0:06:29.54,Default,,0,0,0,,There's only one way to see them
Dialogue: 0,0:06:29.54,0:06:30.68,Default,,0,0,0,,It's this
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.68,0:06:32.68,Default,,0,0,0,,This is a PM2.5 sampling device
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.68,0:06:36.02,Default,,0,0,0,,I put a very clean sampling filter into the machine
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.02,0:06:38.62,Default,,0,0,0,,and carried it for 24 hours
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.98,0:06:42.40,Default,,0,0,0,,November 26th, 2014 - AQI: 282
Dialogue: 0,0:06:46.40,0:06:48.58,Default,,0,0,0,,This is what the filter looked like at the very beginning, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:48.58,0:06:50.58,Default,,0,0,0,,After 24 hours
Dialogue: 0,0:06:50.58,0:06:52.12,Default,,0,0,0,,it looked like this
Dialogue: 0,0:06:52.12,0:06:54.98,Default,,0,0,0,,If I don't do anything to protect my child
Dialogue: 0,0:06:54.98,0:06:57.12,Default,,0,0,0,,she will breathe in all of this stuff
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.12,0:06:58.72,Default,,0,0,0,,How much will she breathe in?
Dialogue: 0,0:06:59.82,0:07:02.14,Default,,0,0,0,,305.91 micrograms per cubic meter
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.14,0:07:04.70,Default,,0,0,0,,But who can understand a number like this, right? We can only compare it.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:04.70,0:07:05.98,Default,,0,0,0,,(Chart:Limits for concentrations of PM 2.5, 24-hour average)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.98,0:07:07.66,Default,,0,0,0,,This is the WHO standard for maximum PM2.5 per day
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.66,0:07:09.34,Default,,0,0,0,,This is the standard in the United States
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.34,0:07:10.94,Default,,0,0,0,,This is the standard in Europe
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.94,0:07:12.38,Default,,0,0,0,,and this is the standard in China
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.42,0:07:14.82,Default,,0,0,0,,How much did we breathe in on that day?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:15.42,0:07:17.48,Default,,0,0,0,,Almost 5 times China's maximum limit
Dialogue: 0,0:07:18.04,0:07:21.20,Default,,0,0,0,,Although it sounds like that was just one slightly alarming number
Dialogue: 0,0:07:21.20,0:07:24.20,Default,,0,0,0,,I really wanted to know what substances were actually in that sample
Dialogue: 0,0:07:24.20,0:07:26.54,Default,,0,0,0,,Prof. Qiu Xinhua from Peking University was kind enough to
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.54,0:07:27.52,Default,,0,0,0,,run this test for me
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.52,0:07:29.28,Default,,0,0,0,,Here are the results of his analysis:
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.28,0:07:31.38,Default,,0,0,0,,It contains 15 types of carcinogens
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.38,0:07:34.54,Default,,0,0,0,,including benzopyrene, one of the world's strongest carcinogens
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.54,0:07:37.10,Default,,0,0,0,,How many times the standard was there?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:37.66,0:07:39.34,Default,,0,0,0,,14 times the government standard
Dialogue: 0,0:07:39.34,0:07:41.50,Default,,0,0,0,,I couldn't believe this number
Dialogue: 0,0:07:41.50,0:07:44.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Do you remember, in that clip, when I was standing in Xiaoyi,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:44.98,0:07:47.02,Default,,0,0,0,,surrounded by coal plants?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.02,0:07:48.54,Default,,0,0,0,,The amount of Benzopyrene I was breathing there
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.54,0:07:49.54,Default,,0,0,0,,was only 9 times the legal standard
Dialogue: 0,0:07:49.54,0:07:51.62,Default,,0,0,0,,Nowadays, I live in the center of an international metropolis
Dialogue: 0,0:07:51.62,0:07:54.30,Default,,0,0,0,,When I look around, I can't see a single factory or chimney
Dialogue: 0,0:07:54.30,0:07:57.06,Default,,0,0,0,,So how can it possibly be 14 times the legal limit?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.06,0:07:59.06,Default,,0,0,0,,Professor Qiu doubted the results too
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.06,0:08:01.80,Default,,0,0,0,,He said “It doesn't seem possible to be that high. I'll run it again.”
Dialogue: 0,0:08:01.80,0:08:03.42,Default,,0,0,0,,He called me the next day and told me
Dialogue: 0,0:08:03.42,0:08:05.42,Default,,0,0,0,,“There was no mistake; it is 14 times the limit.”
Dialogue: 0,0:08:05.42,0:08:07.42,Default,,0,0,0,,“Our wider sampling showed
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.42,0:08:09.58,Default,,0,0,0,,there are some people whose exposure was even higher than yours--20 times the legal limit.”
Dialogue: 0,0:08:09.58,0:08:12.76,Default,,0,0,0,,All these carcinogens were stuck to the sampling filter you saw before
Dialogue: 0,0:08:12.80,0:08:15.82,Default,,0,0,0,,attached to a substance called black carbon
Dialogue: 0,0:08:15.82,0:08:18.44,Default,,0,0,0,,It's tiny, only 0.2 micrometers
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.44,0:08:21.76,Default,,0,0,0,,But it has a chain structure, so if it is unraveled
Dialogue: 0,0:08:21.76,0:08:25.56,Default,,0,0,0,,two grams is the size of a basketball court
Dialogue: 0,0:08:25.56,0:08:29.50,Default,,0,0,0,,Because of this, it can absorb many carcinogens and heavy metal particles
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.50,0:08:32.46,Default,,0,0,0,,How much black carbon is there in China?
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.46,0:08:36.02,Default,,0,0,0,,This is NASA's estimate from 2009
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.86,0:08:42.40,Default,,0,0,0,,That bright purple and white spot is China
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.40,0:08:44.92,Default,,0,0,0,,It drifts above us like a ghost
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.54,0:08:48.30,Default,,0,0,0,,So I went to Peking University
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.30,0:08:50.30,Default,,0,0,0,,I know that they have a lab for these experiments
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.30,0:08:52.72,Default,,0,0,0,,I asked an expert if I could volunteer
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.72,0:08:55.38,Default,,0,0,0,,“If you put me in a closed chamber with a high concentration of black carbon
Dialogue: 0,0:08:55.38,0:08:56.66,Default,,0,0,0,,and observe and test my physical reactions,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:56.66,0:08:58.16,Default,,0,0,0,,I can show everyone the results.”
Dialogue: 0,0:08:58.16,0:09:00.16,Default,,0,0,0,,He hesitated for a while and answered
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.16,0:09:02.16,Default,,0,0,0,,“I'm sorry. I cannot do this experiment.”
Dialogue: 0,0:09:02.16,0:09:03.74,Default,,0,0,0,,I asked why.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.74,0:09:07.32,Default,,0,0,0,,He said, “Every experiment requires academic ethical thresholds.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:07.32,0:09:11.90,Default,,0,0,0,,The thresholds should prevent extreme harm to the participants.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.90,0:09:13.90,Default,,0,0,0,,I cannot run an experiment with these thresholds
Dialogue: 0,0:09:13.90,0:09:18.48,Default,,0,0,0,,Even if the concentration in the air outdoors is higher than in the test chamber."
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.48,0:09:21.32,Default,,0,0,0,,“To put it another way, each of us
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.32,0:09:24.84,Default,,0,0,0,,is living in an experimental chamber our entire life
Dialogue: 0,0:09:25.14,0:09:28.16,Default,,0,0,0,,and we don't know what the outcome of the experiment will be.”
Dialogue: 0,0:09:28.16,0:09:30.52,Default,,0,0,0,,Peking University used a different approach
Dialogue: 0,0:09:30.52,0:09:33.90,Default,,0,0,0,,They logged how people physically react to polluted air directly
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.90,0:09:37.30,Default,,0,0,0,,For one year, I participated in this experiment
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.30,0:09:38.84,Default,,0,0,0,,This is what I found:
Dialogue: 0,0:09:38.84,0:09:41.70,Default,,0,0,0,,I have chronic respiratory inflammation and belong to a sensitive population group
Dialogue: 0,0:09:41.70,0:09:44.04,Default,,0,0,0,,Fine particles impact the respiratory system, exacerbate inflammation of the respiratory tract
Dialogue: 0,0:09:44.06,0:09:45.56,Default,,0,0,0,,and affect the entire cardiovascular system
Dialogue: 0,0:09:45.56,0:09:50.24,Default,,0,0,0,,Tiny particles correlate with a higher possibility of heart failure due to reduced cardiac blood supply
Dialogue: 0,0:09:50.54,0:09:53.46,Default,,0,0,0,,I don't really understand what the medical jargon means
Dialogue: 0,0:09:53.46,0:09:55.46,Default,,0,0,0,,Therefore with the help of the scientists
Dialogue: 0,0:09:55.46,0:09:57.68,Default,,0,0,0,,we made an animation to explain the effect
Dialogue: 0,0:09:58.24,0:10:00.14,Default,,0,0,0,,I am PM 2.5
Dialogue: 0,0:10:00.14,0:10:02.14,Default,,0,0,0,,I have lots of brothers and sisters
Dialogue: 0,0:10:02.14,0:10:05.70,Default,,0,0,0,,Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other heavy metal particles
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.70,0:10:07.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Each of bearing weapons
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.44,0:10:12.94,Default,,0,0,0,,In the game of attacking human bodies
Dialogue: 0,0:10:12.94,0:10:14.94,Default,,0,0,0,,I rarely miss
Dialogue: 0,0:10:15.44,0:10:17.66,Default,,0,0,0,,Scene 1: Nostril
Dialogue: 0,0:10:17.66,0:10:20.72,Default,,0,0,0,,Nose hairs and mucus can block large particles.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:20.72,0:10:26.24,Default,,0,0,0,,90% of particles are bigger than 10 microns and get killed in action
Dialogue: 0,0:10:26.28,0:10:28.02,Default,,0,0,0,,But they cannot stop me
Dialogue: 0,0:10:28.02,0:10:30.02,Default,,0,0,0,,Scene 2: Throat
Dialogue: 0,0:10:30.22,0:10:33.76,Default,,0,0,0,,The upper respiratory tract has cilia that are only 10 microns long
Dialogue: 0,0:10:33.80,0:10:36.26,Default,,0,0,0,,They beat 20 times a second, but I pass through them with ease
Dialogue: 0,0:10:36.26,0:10:38.86,Default,,0,0,0,,The smooth muscles of the trachea become irritated, contract and
Dialogue: 0,0:10:38.86,0:10:41.92,Default,,0,0,0,,try to block me, but this bullying can't stop me
Dialogue: 0,0:10:41.92,0:10:43.92,Default,,0,0,0,,Scene 3: Lower respiratory tract
Dialogue: 0,0:10:43.92,0:10:46.70,Default,,0,0,0,,Here the bronchi branch out like a tree into small bronchioles
Dialogue: 0,0:10:46.70,0:10:50.52,Default,,0,0,0,,These are the best ski slopes for us
Dialogue: 0,0:10:52.30,0:10:56.66,Default,,0,0,0,,We fight with leukocytes and lymphocytes along the way
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.66,0:11:00.06,Default,,0,0,0,,These fights will cause all kinds of inflammation in the human body
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.06,0:11:03.92,Default,,0,0,0,,Our troop finally reaches our destination:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:03.92,0:11:06.06,Default,,0,0,0,,the tree-tip like alveoli
Dialogue: 0,0:11:06.06,0:11:09.42,Default,,0,0,0,,The human lung has more than 300 million alveoli
Dialogue: 0,0:11:09.42,0:11:13.66,Default,,0,0,0,,If we block the alveoli, the human won't be able to breathe anymore
Dialogue: 0,0:11:13.66,0:11:17.70,Default,,0,0,0,,However, our most ferocious enemy is here: the macrophages
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.70,0:11:20.60,Default,,0,0,0,,Their specialty is gobbling up foreign material
Dialogue: 0,0:11:20.60,0:11:22.80,Default,,0,0,0,,and are known as the body's street sweepers
Dialogue: 0,0:11:22.90,0:11:24.88,Default,,0,0,0,,This is going to be a tough battle.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:35.62,0:11:37.46,Default,,0,0,0,,However we outnumber them
Dialogue: 0,0:11:37.46,0:11:41.84,Default,,0,0,0,,our core is difficult to break down, and and we contain toxic heavy metals
Dialogue: 0,0:11:41.84,0:11:44.48,Default,,0,0,0,,Macrophages cannot neutralize all of us
Dialogue: 0,0:11:44.48,0:11:46.88,Default,,0,0,0,,and can be easily killed by over-consumption
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.88,0:11:49.74,Default,,0,0,0,,This is how the human immune system breaks down
Dialogue: 0,0:11:50.92,0:11:53.28,Default,,0,0,0,,We have another special force:
Dialogue: 0,0:11:53.28,0:11:55.38,Default,,0,0,0,,particles less than 0.5 microns
Dialogue: 0,0:11:55.38,0:11:59.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Once in the alveoli, they are small enough to pass the membranes into blood vessels
Dialogue: 0,0:11:59.98,0:12:02.94,Default,,0,0,0,,damaging the blood vessel lining and causing arteries to narrow
Dialogue: 0,0:12:02.94,0:12:04.94,Default,,0,0,0,,which causes high blood pressure and thrombosis
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.92,0:12:08.59,Default,,0,0,0,,We can even enter the core of human bodies
Dialogue: 0,0:12:08.59,0:12:12.16,Default,,0,0,0,,through the pulmonary circulation system
Dialogue: 0,0:12:12.16,0:12:13.90,Default,,0,0,0,,and attack your heart
Dialogue: 0,0:12:13.90,0:12:17.90,Default,,0,0,0,,causing myocardial ischemia and irregular heartbeat
Dialogue: 0,0:12:17.90,0:12:19.90,Default,,0,0,0,,which leads to heart attacks
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.04,0:12:24.52,Default,,0,0,0,,Be terrified, humans
Dialogue: 0,0:12:24.52,0:12:28.22,Default,,0,0,0,,We're in every breath you take.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:31.54,0:12:34.36,Default,,0,0,0,,These measurements were provided by the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Dialogue: 0,0:12:34.36,0:12:36.36,Default,,0,0,0,,This complex plot demonstrates
Dialogue: 0,0:12:36.36,0:12:38.36,Default,,0,0,0,,that as the concentration of PM2.5 increases,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:38.36,0:12:40.92,Default,,0,0,0,,the human mortality rate also increases
Dialogue: 0,0:12:40.92,0:12:43.82,Default,,0,0,0,,Many other scientific research institutions have observed the same trend
Dialogue: 0,0:12:43.82,0:12:47.08,Default,,0,0,0,,The former Chinese health minister Chen Zhu
Dialogue: 0,0:12:47.16,0:12:51.60,Default,,0,0,0,,has calculated that the number of premature deaths caused by
Dialogue: 0,0:12:51.60,0:12:53.86,Default,,0,0,0,,air pollution in China each year is
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.90,0:12:55.60,Default,,0,0,0,,500,000 people
Dialogue: 0,0:12:55.60,0:12:57.60,Default,,0,0,0,,In this battle against human beings,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.60,0:13:00.50,Default,,0,0,0,,the most fragile and vulnerable populations are
Dialogue: 0,0:13:00.50,0:13:02.50,Default,,0,0,0,,our children and parents
Dialogue: 0,0:13:02.50,0:13:04.90,Default,,0,0,0,,These babies are about 2 months old
Dialogue: 0,0:13:04.90,0:13:07.26,Default,,0,0,0,,They have never been outside
Dialogue: 0,0:13:07.26,0:13:08.76,Default,,0,0,0,,but they have been diagnosed with pneumonia
Dialogue: 0,0:13:08.76,0:13:10.48,Default,,0,0,0,,Here they are receiving nebulizer therapy
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.48,0:13:12.66,Default,,0,0,0,,The parents of these babies asked me to photograph their children
Dialogue: 0,0:13:12.66,0:13:15.76,Default,,0,0,0,,they suspected their children became sick due to lack of protection during heavy smog
Dialogue: 0,0:13:15.76,0:13:17.42,Default,,0,0,0,,The doctor told them:
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.42,0:13:20.90,Default,,0,0,0,,“I can only render a diagnosis of 'Pneumonia of unknown cause'
Dialogue: 0,0:13:20.90,0:13:23.52,Default,,0,0,0,,because of the lack of current epidemiological studies.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:23.52,0:13:25.52,Default,,0,0,0,,But I can tell you this statistic:
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.52,0:13:29.50,Default,,0,0,0,,In January of 2013 during the heavy smog,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:29.50,0:13:31.50,Default,,0,0,0,,throughout the entire country,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:31.50,0:13:36.80,Default,,0,0,0,,27 cities showed exponential increases in emergency department visits.”
Dialogue: 0,0:13:37.96,0:13:41.30,Default,,0,0,0,,The mothers in my community discussed about this event once
Dialogue: 0,0:13:41.30,0:13:43.30,Default,,0,0,0,,One mother asked me:
Dialogue: 0,0:13:43.30,0:13:44.72,Default,,0,0,0,,“How should we deal with the smog?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:44.72,0:13:47.20,Default,,0,0,0,,Should we expose our kids to the smog
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.20,0:13:49.64,Default,,0,0,0,,as soon as possible to train them, so they adapt
Dialogue: 0,0:13:49.64,0:13:52.34,Default,,0,0,0,,and aren't disadvantaged from the very beginning?
Dialogue: 0,0:13:52.34,0:13:54.54,Default,,0,0,0,,A medical expert from Los Angeles,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.56,0:13:57.14,Default,,0,0,0,,a city that once suffered from extreme air pollution, informed us
Dialogue: 0,0:13:57.14,0:13:59.14,Default,,0,0,0,,about the risks of exposing our children to air pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.14,0:14:01.14,Default,,0,0,0,,in hopes that they would be able to adapt to the conditions:
Dialogue: 0,0:14:03.78,0:14:05.54,Default,,0,0,0,,I don't think we have any information
Dialogue: 0,0:14:05.54,0:14:07.79,Default,,0,0,0,,that suggests that exposing your child to air pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:14:07.79,0:14:09.59,Default,,0,0,0,,is going to help them to adapt.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:09.59,0:14:12.48,Default,,0,0,0,,If we expose them on day one, they lose some function.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.48,0:14:15.79,Default,,0,0,0,,If they expose them on day two, they don't lose the same amount.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.79,0:14:18.45,Default,,0,0,0,,But that's because, not that they have adapted,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.45,0:14:20.45,Default,,0,0,0,,but because they've already lost the function,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.45,0:14:21.87,Default,,0,0,0,,and they already are injured.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:21.87,0:14:24.66,Default,,0,0,0,,It has been shown in several studies around the world now,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:24.66,0:14:28.00,Default,,0,0,0,,that children in cleaner places grow faster
Dialogue: 0,0:14:28.00,0:14:30.00,Default,,0,0,0,,than children growing up in a more polluted area.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:30.00,0:14:32.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Poor lung function early in life
Dialogue: 0,0:14:32.42,0:14:35.60,Default,,0,0,0,,is a predictor of lung problems later on in life.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:35.60,0:14:39.30,Default,,0,0,0,,And so, doing something about the air while a child is growing
Dialogue: 0,0:14:39.30,0:14:41.78,Default,,0,0,0,,You can make a change in that child's life.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.52,0:14:43.85,Default,,0,0,0,,This is downstairs from where I live
Dialogue: 0,0:14:43.85,0:14:46.15,Default,,0,0,0,,and I took this photo two days ago in severe smog
Dialogue: 0,0:14:46.15,0:14:48.96,Default,,0,0,0,,The AQI (air quality index) on that day had exceeded 500,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.96,0:14:50.23,Default,,0,0,0,,above the “hazardous” pollution level
Dialogue: 0,0:14:50.23,0:14:52.86,Default,,0,0,0,,However, the kids in the adjacent elementary school
Dialogue: 0,0:14:52.86,0:14:55.42,Default,,0,0,0,,were still outside playing ball games, running and playing around
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.42,0:14:56.55,Default,,0,0,0,,When people exercise
Dialogue: 0,0:14:56.55,0:14:59.06,Default,,0,0,0,,they breathe five to ten times more deeply than usual
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.06,0:15:01.06,Default,,0,0,0,,When I saw this, I became aware of the fact that
Dialogue: 0,0:15:01.06,0:15:02.66,Default,,0,0,0,,I couldn't protect my child under all circumstances
Dialogue: 0,0:15:02.66,0:15:04.66,Default,,0,0,0,,Someday she will have to go into society
Dialogue: 0,0:15:04.66,0:15:06.66,Default,,0,0,0,,and breathing is something she will always do,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:06.66,0:15:07.63,Default,,0,0,0,,something that is inevitable.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.63,0:15:09.63,Default,,0,0,0,,And it (PM2.5) is there in every breath you take
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.63,0:15:13.14,Default,,0,0,0,,An adult person like ourselves breathes roughly 25000 times each day
Dialogue: 0,0:15:13.14,0:15:18.05,Default,,0,0,0,,Over time, as it accumulates continuously, what are these substances like in our lungs?
Dialogue: 0,0:15:18.05,0:15:20.82,Default,,0,0,0,,We are very grateful to a patient and doctor
Dialogue: 0,0:15:20.82,0:15:23.92,Default,,0,0,0,,at Beijing Cancer Hospital who agreed to let us film this surgery
Dialogue: 0,0:15:23.92,0:15:25.55,Default,,0,0,0,,This is a patient with early stage lung cancer
Dialogue: 0,0:15:25.55,0:15:27.03,Default,,0,0,0,,Female, in her fifties
Dialogue: 0,0:15:27.03,0:15:28.79,Default,,0,0,0,,and works in the hospital's accounting office
Dialogue: 0,0:15:28.79,0:15:30.79,Default,,0,0,0,,She and her family have no history of smoking
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.18,0:15:35.53,Default,,0,0,0,,The following clip was filmed with the permission of the patient's family and the hospital
Dialogue: 0,0:15:37.89,0:15:41.46,Default,,0,0,0,,The following scenes might cause discomfort for some viewers, please use discretion
Dialogue: 0,0:15:45.09,0:15:46.67,Default,,0,0,0,,Inside the lung cavity
Dialogue: 0,0:15:46.80,0:15:49.96,Default,,0,0,0,,Everyone will breathe in these black spots
Dialogue: 0,0:15:49.98,0:15:51.52,Default,,0,0,0,,Including ourselves
Dialogue: 0,0:15:52.18,0:15:53.40,Default,,0,0,0,,Does this person smoke?
Dialogue: 0,0:15:53.40,0:15:55.40,Default,,0,0,0,,No, she doesn't smoke
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.40,0:15:57.30,Default,,0,0,0,,But she's from (censored) city
Dialogue: 0,0:15:57.30,0:15:58.56,Default,,0,0,0,,From your hometown
Dialogue: 0,0:15:58.56,0:16:00.77,Default,,0,0,0,,The air quality is really bad
Dialogue: 0,0:16:00.77,0:16:02.00,Default,,0,0,0,,Yeah, it's not clean (there)
Dialogue: 0,0:16:02.01,0:16:04.72,Default,,0,0,0,,So this (might be) the stuff that's in the air
Dialogue: 0,0:16:04.80,0:16:08.62,Default,,0,0,0,,Pulmonary lymph node color - carbon particle build up over time has turned it completely black
Dialogue: 0,0:16:09.40,0:16:12.34,Default,,0,0,0,,In her entire body only the lymph nodes in her lungs are black
Dialogue: 0,0:16:12.35,0:16:14.87,Default,,0,0,0,,This is because she has inhaled a lot of dust
Dialogue: 0,0:16:14.87,0:16:17.36,Default,,0,0,0,,The lymphatic system is crucial for immune system functionality
Dialogue: 0,0:16:17.37,0:16:20.02,Default,,0,0,0,,Yang Yue, Director of the Peking University Cancer Hospital Second Thoracic Department
Dialogue: 0,0:16:20.02,0:16:22.02,Default,,0,0,0,,Which means it helps our immune system fight disease
Dialogue: 0,0:16:22.02,0:16:23.60,Default,,0,0,0,,When the black stuff on top accumulates
Dialogue: 0,0:16:23.60,0:16:27.00,Default,,0,0,0,,does it affect our body's ability to fight cancerous cells?
Dialogue: 0,0:16:27.00,0:16:30.55,Default,,0,0,0,,It may be the case that it has overburdened the lymphatic system
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.55,0:16:33.51,Default,,0,0,0,,So this year the World Health Organization (WHO)
Dialogue: 0,0:16:33.51,0:16:36.86,Default,,0,0,0,,has reported that chronic lung diseases
Dialogue: 0,0:16:36.86,0:16:39.07,Default,,0,0,0,,are one of the highest risk factors for lung cancer
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.97,0:16:43.25,Default,,0,0,0,,We can be comforted by the fact that
Dialogue: 0,0:16:43.25,0:16:44.21,Default,,0,0,0,,this type of surgery is very successful
Dialogue: 0,0:16:44.21,0:16:45.73,Default,,0,0,0,,and the patient can make a full recovery
Dialogue: 0,0:16:45.73,0:16:47.46,Default,,0,0,0,,after the tumors have been extracted
Dialogue: 0,0:16:47.46,0:16:49.46,Default,,0,0,0,,After extracting the black lymph nodes,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:49.46,0:16:51.46,Default,,0,0,0,,the doctor presented them to the patient's family
Dialogue: 0,0:16:51.49,0:16:54.98,Default,,0,0,0,,They asked: "Can you tell me why my wife got cancer?"
Dialogue: 0,0:16:54.98,0:16:57.85,Default,,0,0,0,,He said, “I can only say That according to my clinical experience
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.85,0:16:59.54,Default,,0,0,0,,I suspect it was because of air pollution.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:59.55,0:17:05.06,Default,,0,0,0,,(As particulate matter increases and air pollution worsens, so to does the risk of lung cancer, and particle matter is classified as a primary carcinogen for humans.)
Dialogue: 0,0:17:05.13,0:17:06.83,Default,,0,0,0,,When he told me this I had a questoin
Dialogue: 0,0:17:06.83,0:17:09.33,Default,,0,0,0,,Doesn't lung cancer have an incubation period
Dialogue: 0,0:17:09.33,0:17:11.01,Default,,0,0,0,,of at least ten years or so?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:11.01,0:17:13.28,Default,,0,0,0,,But we only started hearing about air pollution two years ago, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.28,0:17:16.49,Default,,0,0,0,,Then how could it lead to lung cancer this quickly?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:17.03,0:17:18.79,Default,,0,0,0,,So I went to NASA for a small favor
Dialogue: 0,0:17:18.79,0:17:20.27,Default,,0,0,0,,and asked if they could send over satellite images
Dialogue: 0,0:17:20.27,0:17:22.27,Default,,0,0,0,,of the air over North China from the past 10 years
Dialogue: 0,0:17:22.61,0:17:24.04,Default,,0,0,0,,This is what I got
Dialogue: 0,0:17:24.04,0:17:26.04,Default,,0,0,0,,2012
Dialogue: 0,0:17:26.04,0:17:27.70,Default,,0,0,0,,The air over Beijing
Dialogue: 0,0:17:27.70,0:17:29.20,Default,,0,0,0,,2011
Dialogue: 0,0:17:29.20,0:17:30.96,Default,,0,0,0,,Beijing in December
Dialogue: 0,0:17:30.96,0:17:32.48,Default,,0,0,0,,2010
Dialogue: 0,0:17:32.48,0:17:33.68,Default,,0,0,0,,The air over North China
Dialogue: 0,0:17:33.68,0:17:35.31,Default,,0,0,0,,2009
Dialogue: 0,0:17:35.31,0:17:36.54,Default,,0,0,0,,The air over North China
Dialogue: 0,0:17:36.54,0:17:38.02,Default,,0,0,0,,Let's look at 10 years ago
Dialogue: 0,0:17:38.02,0:17:40.02,Default,,0,0,0,,North China in 2005
Dialogue: 0,0:17:40.02,0:17:41.69,Default,,0,0,0,,But I couldn't believe it
Dialogue: 0,0:17:41.69,0:17:44.13,Default,,0,0,0,,I was living under these skies in North China at that time
Dialogue: 0,0:17:44.13,0:17:46.74,Default,,0,0,0,,How could I have been unaware of any air pollution for 10 years?
Dialogue: 0,0:17:46.74,0:17:49.86,Default,,0,0,0,,So I sought out our country's head of the Olympic air quality assurance group
Dialogue: 0,0:17:49.86,0:17:51.12,Default,,0,0,0,,An academic named Dr. Tang Xiaoyan
Dialogue: 0,0:17:51.12,0:17:53.42,Default,,0,0,0,,She gave me this graph
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.03,0:17:55.42,Default,,0,0,0,,This is 2004
Dialogue: 0,0:17:55.42,0:17:57.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Eleven years ago
Dialogue: 0,0:17:57.42,0:17:59.51,Default,,0,0,0,,Back then, we hadn't yet started monitoring PM2.5 levels
Dialogue: 0,0:17:59.52,0:18:00.58,Default,,0,0,0,,But we have the levels of PM10
Dialogue: 0,0:18:00.58,0:18:02.53,Default,,0,0,0,,He said according to estimates at the time
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.53,0:18:03.62,Default,,0,0,0,,At that time
Dialogue: 0,0:18:03.62,0:18:05.05,Default,,0,0,0,,when it was very polluted
Dialogue: 0,0:18:05.05,0:18:06.80,Default,,0,0,0,,PM2.5 could have reached 300-400
Dialogue: 0,0:18:06.80,0:18:08.80,Default,,0,0,0,,Today we would classify that as very unhealthy pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.25,0:18:10.37,Default,,0,0,0,,I asked him
Dialogue: 0,0:18:10.37,0:18:12.02,Default,,0,0,0,,Could it really be that I was that blind?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:12.02,0:18:14.02,Default,,0,0,0,,I was in Beijing in 2004
Dialogue: 0,0:18:14.02,0:18:16.43,Default,,0,0,0,,He said, look at this picture
Dialogue: 0,0:18:16.43,0:18:18.72,Default,,0,0,0,,What is that?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:18.95,0:18:21.47,Default,,0,0,0,,I said, that's probably smog, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:21.47,0:18:23.31,Default,,0,0,0,,Then how come I didn't know at the time?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:23.31,0:18:24.42,Default,,0,0,0,,He said, you should look up
Dialogue: 0,0:18:24.42,0:18:26.02,Default,,0,0,0,,what the news headlines were on that day
Dialogue: 0,0:18:26.02,0:18:30.05,Default,,0,0,0,,“Beijing Capital Airport Experiences the Most Delays in Recent Years Due to Fog” - December 2, 2004, Sina News
Dialogue: 0,0:18:30.05,0:18:32.05,Default,,0,0,0,,Back then we thought it was just fog
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.05,0:18:34.05,Default,,0,0,0,,We kept calling it “fog”
Dialogue: 0,0:18:34.05,0:18:36.05,Default,,0,0,0,,So after I saw this picture,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:36.05,0:18:37.60,Default,,0,0,0,,as a former reporter
Dialogue: 0,0:18:37.60,0:18:39.60,Default,,0,0,0,,I was full of remorse
Dialogue: 0,0:18:39.60,0:18:42.13,Default,,0,0,0,,because all those years I was reporting I always thought that
Dialogue: 0,0:18:42.13,0:18:43.73,Default,,0,0,0,,I was reporting on pollution across the country
Dialogue: 0,0:18:43.73,0:18:44.70,Default,,0,0,0,,But I always thought
Dialogue: 0,0:18:44.70,0:18:47.41,Default,,0,0,0,,it was only called pollution when I heard explosions in mines
Dialogue: 0,0:18:47.41,0:18:49.52,Default,,0,0,0,,it was only called pollution when I saw smoke from factory chimneys
Dialogue: 0,0:18:49.52,0:18:52.38,Default,,0,0,0,,I never thought that those of us who lived in a metropolitan urban center
Dialogue: 0,0:18:52.38,0:18:53.90,Default,,0,0,0,,the sky we saw everyday
Dialogue: 0,0:18:53.90,0:18:54.90,Default,,0,0,0,,was also pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:18:54.90,0:18:56.53,Default,,0,0,0,,At that time I wasn't a reporter anymore
Dialogue: 0,0:18:56.53,0:18:58.53,Default,,0,0,0,,I had already become a bystander
Dialogue: 0,0:18:59.54,0:19:01.32,Default,,0,0,0,,But I still had a question
Dialogue: 0,0:19:01.32,0:19:03.32,Default,,0,0,0,,If it really was like this,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:03.32,0:19:04.84,Default,,0,0,0,,when I was young every family
Dialogue: 0,0:19:04.84,0:19:06.48,Default,,0,0,0,,was burning kerosene stoves, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:19:06.48,0:19:07.77,Default,,0,0,0,,Every night we would
Dialogue: 0,0:19:07.77,0:19:09.60,Default,,0,0,0,,sleep and awaken to the smell of smoke
Dialogue: 0,0:19:09.60,0:19:12.12,Default,,0,0,0,,How come I never heard about people back then getting lung cancer?
Dialogue: 0,0:19:12.12,0:19:13.65,Default,,0,0,0,,I kept asking this question
Dialogue: 0,0:19:13.67,0:19:15.22,Default,,0,0,0,,until I met professor He Xingzhou
Dialogue: 0,0:19:15.22,0:19:17.65,Default,,0,0,0,,who has been researching this topic for over 30 years
Dialogue: 0,0:19:17.65,0:19:19.65,Default,,0,0,0,,He gave me a book of data
Dialogue: 0,0:19:20.05,0:19:21.45,Default,,0,0,0,,This
Dialogue: 0,0:19:21.45,0:19:29.39,Default,,0,0,0,,A Survey of the Relationship Between Air Pollution and Cause of Death for 26 Chinese cities 1976-1981
Dialogue: 0,0:19:29.39,0:19:30.77,Default,,0,0,0,,So everyone can see clearly
Dialogue: 0,0:19:30.80,0:19:32.81,Default,,0,0,0,,I've put the conclusion up on the screen here
Dialogue: 0,0:19:32.81,0:19:34.01,Default,,0,0,0,,It's very simple
Dialogue: 0,0:19:34.01,0:19:35.62,Default,,0,0,0,,The air pollution from back then
Dialogue: 0,0:19:35.62,0:19:38.72,Default,,0,0,0,,already correlated with death rates from lung cancer
Dialogue: 0,0:19:38.72,0:19:41.12,Default,,0,0,0,,The air pollution back then was the result of burning coal
Dialogue: 0,0:19:41.12,0:19:43.22,Default,,0,0,0,,It just happened to be the case that this data
Dialogue: 0,0:19:43.22,0:19:45.22,Default,,0,0,0,,was considered internal information at that time
Dialogue: 0,0:19:47.42,0:19:48.62,Default,,0,0,0,,It wasn’t that people at that time
Dialogue: 0,0:19:48.62,0:19:49.66,Default,,0,0,0,,couldn't smell the suffocating smoke
Dialogue: 0,0:19:49.66,0:19:51.66,Default,,0,0,0,,But the warmth and energy that coal brought
Dialogue: 0,0:19:51.66,0:19:52.78,Default,,0,0,0,,was more important at the time
Dialogue: 0,0:19:52.78,0:19:54.06,Default,,0,0,0,,Around 1980,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:54.06,0:19:55.94,Default,,0,0,0,,there were 3,700 factories inside Beijing
Dialogue: 0,0:19:56.10,0:19:58.46,Default,,0,0,0,,for a large agricultural country eager to develop,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:58.46,0:20:00.66,Default,,0,0,0,,smokestacks were a sign of progress
Dialogue: 0,0:20:00.66,0:20:03.02,Default,,0,0,0,,For some people, they are just two smokestacks
Dialogue: 0,0:20:03.02,0:20:05.74,Default,,0,0,0,,For some people, they are reference points to direct you home
Dialogue: 0,0:20:06.46,0:20:08.82,Default,,0,0,0,,We had absolutely no experience or consciousness of pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:20:08.82,0:20:10.22,Default,,0,0,0,,Nor the ability to control it
Dialogue: 0,0:20:10.22,0:20:11.94,Default,,0,0,0,,Major pollutants did not have any set standards
Dialogue: 0,0:20:11.94,0:20:13.94,Default,,0,0,0,,Even though the amount of coal burned was nowhere near the amount we burn today
Dialogue: 0,0:20:13.94,0:20:15.42,Default,,0,0,0,,The pollution discharged was enormous
Dialogue: 0,0:20:15.42,0:20:17.90,Default,,0,0,0,,In terms of PM2.5 levels
Dialogue: 0,0:20:17.90,0:20:21.50,Default,,0,0,0,,In 2006, the average concentration of PM2.5 was higher than it is today
Dialogue: 0,0:20:21.74,0:20:24.38,Default,,0,0,0,,It was this year that China proposed saving energy and reducing emissions
Dialogue: 0,0:20:24.38,0:20:26.54,Default,,0,0,0,,And setting standards for sulphur dioxide and other major pollutants
Dialogue: 0,0:20:26.54,0:20:29.06,Default,,0,0,0,,Afterwards, air pollution started to decrease
Dialogue: 0,0:20:29.06,0:20:32.78,Default,,0,0,0,,But the amount of fine particles affecting visibility increased
Dialogue: 0,0:20:32.78,0:20:35.06,Default,,0,0,0,,The amount of days with extremely high pollution increased
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.06,0:20:36.82,Default,,0,0,0,,People started feeling strongly about pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:20:37.34,0:20:39.26,Default,,0,0,0,,Economic development has increased life expectancy in China
Dialogue: 0,0:20:39.26,0:20:41.46,Default,,0,0,0,,And has brought more ways to recover from illness
Dialogue: 0,0:20:41.46,0:20:44.26,Default,,0,0,0,,But the risks that come from air pollution have become obvious
Dialogue: 0,0:20:44.26,0:20:45.26,Default,,0,0,0,,In the past 30 years,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:45.26,0:20:48.10,Default,,0,0,0,,the death rate from lung cancer in China has increased by 465%
Dialogue: 0,0:20:48.10,0:20:49.82,Default,,0,0,0,,Even though smoking and an ageing society
Dialogue: 0,0:20:49.82,0:20:51.78,Default,,0,0,0,,Are major factors in this statistic
Dialogue: 0,0:20:51.78,0:20:54.22,Default,,0,0,0,,The clear risk of developing lung cancer that comes from fine particulate matter
Dialogue: 0,0:20:54.22,0:20:55.62,Default,,0,0,0,,Is receiving increased attention
Dialogue: 0,0:20:55.86,0:20:58.94,Default,,0,0,0,,Monitoring of PM2.5 levels started in 2012 and
Dialogue: 0,0:20:58.94,0:21:01.74,Default,,0,0,0,,China implemented its “Air Pollution Prevention Plan”
Dialogue: 0,0:21:01.74,0:21:03.50,Default,,0,0,0,,As wages increased and information became more transparent
Dialogue: 0,0:21:03.50,0:21:05.38,Default,,0,0,0,,People’s expectations on the environment rose as well
Dialogue: 0,0:21:08.70,0:21:10.38,Default,,0,0,0,,A person
Dialogue: 0,0:21:10.38,0:21:11.14,Default,,0,0,0,,Or not even a person
Dialogue: 0,0:21:11.14,0:21:13.30,Default,,0,0,0,,How should a living organism live?
Dialogue: 0,0:21:13.30,0:21:14.62,Default,,0,0,0,,When spring arrives, you open your doors
Dialogue: 0,0:21:14.62,0:21:16.30,Default,,0,0,0,,the wind blows in
Dialogue: 0,0:21:16.30,0:21:17.26,Default,,0,0,0,,The smell of flowers fills the air
Dialogue: 0,0:21:17.26,0:21:18.82,Default,,0,0,0,,and colors come back to life
Dialogue: 0,0:21:18.82,0:21:19.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Sometimes when it rains
Dialogue: 0,0:21:19.90,0:21:20.98,Default,,0,0,0,,or when it’s foggy out
Dialogue: 0,0:21:20.98,0:21:24.66,Default,,0,0,0,,You can’t help but breathe the air deep into your lungs
Dialogue: 0,0:21:24.66,0:21:26.46,Default,,0,0,0,,and experience the feeling of small water droplets filling them up
Dialogue: 0,0:21:26.46,0:21:27.86,Default,,0,0,0,,Both piercingly cold but also pure and fresh
Dialogue: 0,0:21:28.94,0:21:30.22,Default,,0,0,0,,In autumn
Dialogue: 0,0:21:30.22,0:21:31.30,Default,,0,0,0,,you would spend a whole afternoon
Dialogue: 0,0:21:31.30,0:21:33.02,Default,,0,0,0,,with a loved one doing absolutely nothing
Dialogue: 0,0:21:33.02,0:21:35.74,Default,,0,0,0,,basking lazily in the sun
Dialogue: 0,0:21:35.74,0:21:37.10,Default,,0,0,0,,In the Winter
Dialogue: 0,0:21:37.10,0:21:38.78,Default,,0,0,0,,you would go outside with your kids
Dialogue: 0,0:21:38.78,0:21:39.66,Default,,0,0,0,,when it’s snowing
Dialogue: 0,0:21:39.66,0:21:41.46,Default,,0,0,0,,and she sticks out her tongue and to catch the snowflakes
Dialogue: 0,0:21:41.46,0:21:42.78,Default,,0,0,0,,You would teach her
Dialogue: 0,0:21:42.78,0:21:44.86,Default,,0,0,0,,about nature and the beauty of life
Dialogue: 0,0:21:46.58,0:21:47.74,Default,,0,0,0,,But now...
Dialogue: 0,0:21:50.10,0:21:51.66,Default,,0,0,0,,This year, every day when I wake up
Dialogue: 0,0:21:51.66,0:21:53.70,Default,,0,0,0,,the first thing I do is
Dialogue: 0,0:21:53.70,0:21:56.30,Default,,0,0,0,,check the air quality on my phone
Dialogue: 0,0:21:56.30,0:21:58.14,Default,,0,0,0,,Because it will determine my whole day
Dialogue: 0,0:21:58.14,0:22:00.98,Default,,0,0,0,,I rely on a wind from the North West to live my life
Dialogue: 0,0:22:00.98,0:22:02.18,Default,,0,0,0,,I wear a mask when I go for a walk
Dialogue: 0,0:22:02.18,0:22:03.46,Default,,0,0,0,,I wear a mask when I go shopping
Dialogue: 0,0:22:03.46,0:22:05.26,Default,,0,0,0,,I wear a mask when I go to see my friends
Dialogue: 0,0:22:05.26,0:22:07.42,Default,,0,0,0,,I use tape to cover up
Dialogue: 0,0:22:07.42,0:22:09.70,Default,,0,0,0,,every crack of the windows and doors in my house
Dialogue: 0,0:22:09.70,0:22:11.42,Default,,0,0,0,,When I took my daughter to get vaccinated
Dialogue: 0,0:22:11.42,0:22:13.86,Default,,0,0,0,,I was afraid even when she smiled at me
Dialogue: 0,0:22:15.94,0:22:18.26,Default,,0,0,0,,Actually, I not really afraid of death
Dialogue: 0,0:22:18.26,0:22:20.34,Default,,0,0,0,,I just don’t want to live like this
Dialogue: 0,0:22:21.94,0:22:23.50,Default,,0,0,0,,So whenever someone asks me
Dialogue: 0,0:22:23.50,0:22:25.74,Default,,0,0,0,,what are you doing this for?
Dialogue: 0,0:22:25.74,0:22:26.94,Default,,0,0,0,,I can only tell them
Dialogue: 0,0:22:26.94,0:22:28.46,Default,,0,0,0,,This is a battle
Dialogue: 0,0:22:28.46,0:22:29.50,Default,,0,0,0,,between me and air pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:22:29.50,0:22:30.62,Default,,0,0,0,,Where does air pollution come from?
Dialogue: 0,0:22:30.62,0:22:32.62,Default,,0,0,0,,I want to know where it comes from
Dialogue: 0,0:22:32.62,0:22:34.70,Default,,0,0,0,,I want to understand what is really going on
Dialogue: 0,0:22:35.62,0:22:37.22,Default,,0,0,0,,I examined a strip of sampling film
Dialogue: 0,0:22:37.22,0:22:39.18,Default,,0,0,0,,under a scientist's microscope
Dialogue: 0,0:22:39.18,0:22:40.94,Default,,0,0,0,,and I saw what it looked like
Dialogue: 0,0:22:40.94,0:22:42.50,Default,,0,0,0,,Pollution was not the collection of identical particles
Dialogue: 0,0:22:42.50,0:22:43.58,Default,,0,0,0,,that I imagined it to be
Dialogue: 0,0:22:43.58,0:22:45.86,Default,,0,0,0,,It is a mixture of all sorts of things
Dialogue: 0,0:22:45.86,0:22:47.62,Default,,0,0,0,,and being a mixture makes it more poisonous
Dialogue: 0,0:22:47.62,0:22:49.78,Default,,0,0,0,,as well as allowing it to spread more rapidly
Dialogue: 0,0:22:49.78,0:22:51.66,Default,,0,0,0,,Pollutants can chemically react with each other
Dialogue: 0,0:22:51.66,0:22:54.58,Default,,0,0,0,,The Chinese Academy of Sciences explained the pollution sources to me
Dialogue: 0,0:22:54.58,0:22:56.38,Default,,0,0,0,,burning coal, burning oil, burning organic materials
Dialogue: 0,0:22:56.38,0:22:58.70,Default,,0,0,0,,industry, farming, chemical fertilizers, dust emission
Dialogue: 0,0:22:58.70,0:23:01.30,Default,,0,0,0,,Most of these causes are anthropogenic in nature
Dialogue: 0,0:23:01.30,0:23:02.82,Default,,0,0,0,,If you analyze these factors
Dialogue: 0,0:23:02.82,0:23:06.42,Default,,0,0,0,,you will find where most of pollution comes from
Dialogue: 0,0:23:06.42,0:23:07.74,Default,,0,0,0,,This is the conclusion
Dialogue: 0,0:23:07.74,0:23:11.30,Default,,0,0,0,,60% of the PM2.5 in China comes from
Dialogue: 0,0:23:11.30,0:23:12.50,Default,,0,0,0,,burning coal and oil
Dialogue: 0,0:23:12.50,0:23:14.42,Default,,0,0,0,,That is to say, the burning of fossil fuels
Dialogue: 0,0:23:16.34,0:23:18.02,Default,,0,0,0,,PM2.5 has existed
Dialogue: 0,0:23:18.02,0:23:18.98,Default,,0,0,0,,long before humans
Dialogue: 0,0:23:18.98,0:23:19.78,Default,,0,0,0,,Volcanic eruptions
Dialogue: 0,0:23:19.78,0:23:21.62,Default,,0,0,0,,and forest fires would emit large amounts of fine particulate matter
Dialogue: 0,0:23:22.26,0:23:24.38,Default,,0,0,0,,Starting from when we discovered how to make fire from wood
Dialogue: 0,0:23:24.38,0:23:26.54,Default,,0,0,0,,human activities have contributed to PM2.5
Dialogue: 0,0:23:26.94,0:23:28.18,Default,,0,0,0,,In the past, the use of coal in large quantities
Dialogue: 0,0:23:28.18,0:23:29.34,Default,,0,0,0,,led to serious pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:23:29.34,0:23:30.78,Default,,0,0,0,,in England and Germany
Dialogue: 0,0:23:31.10,0:23:32.42,Default,,0,0,0,,and when we entered the age of oil,
Dialogue: 0,0:23:32.42,0:23:35.90,Default,,0,0,0,,burning oil led to serious pollution in America and Japan
Dialogue: 0,0:23:36.50,0:23:38.74,Default,,0,0,0,,At this moment there are still many
Dialogue: 0,0:23:38.74,0:23:40.86,Default,,0,0,0,,developing countries in the process of industrializing
Dialogue: 0,0:23:41.33,0:23:42.07,Default,,0,0,0,,India
Dialogue: 0,0:23:42.24,0:23:43.06,Default,,0,0,0,,Iran
Dialogue: 0,0:23:43.11,0:23:43.71,Default,,0,0,0,,Pakistan
Dialogue: 0,0:23:43.73,0:23:44.34,Default,,0,0,0,,Afghanistan
Dialogue: 0,0:23:44.34,0:23:47.58,Default,,0,0,0,,All face problems with pollution from burning fossil fuels
Dialogue: 0,0:23:47.58,0:23:49.46,Default,,0,0,0,,as does China, the country
Dialogue: 0,0:23:49.46,0:23:50.66,Default,,0,0,0,,that has developed fastest in the world
Dialogue: 0,0:23:50.66,0:23:51.66,Default,,0,0,0,,It's large size
Dialogue: 0,0:23:51.66,0:23:54.74,Default,,0,0,0,,has led to burning large amounts of both types of fossil fuels
Dialogue: 0,0:23:58.54,0:24:00.22,Default,,0,0,0,,How much fuel are we actually burning?
Dialogue: 0,0:24:00.22,0:24:02.78,Default,,0,0,0,,We can see in 2014
Dialogue: 0,0:24:02.78,0:24:03.78,Default,,0,0,0,,This figure represents
Dialogue: 0,0:24:03.78,0:24:06.62,Default,,0,0,0,,the quantities of fossil fuel being burned around the world
Dialogue: 0,0:24:06.62,0:24:08.22,Default,,0,0,0,,You can see how bright China is
Dialogue: 0,0:24:08.22,0:24:11.34,Default,,0,0,0,,That bright white and red area,
Dialogue: 0,0:24:11.34,0:24:13.14,Default,,0,0,0,,that’s our country
Dialogue: 0,0:24:13.14,0:24:14.18,Default,,0,0,0,,From the image we can see
Dialogue: 0,0:24:14.18,0:24:16.46,Default,,0,0,0,,China burns from 3-4 times more fossil fuel than Europe
Dialogue: 0,0:24:16.46,0:24:18.86,Default,,0,0,0,,We have burned so much fossil fuel
Dialogue: 0,0:24:18.86,0:24:21.06,Default,,0,0,0,,But the thing that surprised me most was
Dialogue: 0,0:24:21.06,0:24:23.82,Default,,0,0,0,,that the pollutants from coal and oil can have
Dialogue: 0,0:24:23.82,0:24:25.86,Default,,0,0,0,,large-scale chemical reactions
Dialogue: 0,0:24:25.94,0:24:28.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Wang Yuesi, Du Jiming and Tang Xiaoyan
Dialogue: 0,0:24:28.90,0:24:30.42,Default,,0,0,0,,We haven't yet dealt with coal pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:24:30.42,0:24:32.02,Default,,0,0,0,,and now vehicle pollution has been added to the mix
Dialogue: 0,0:24:32.02,0:24:33.38,Default,,0,0,0,,The pollution in China right now
Dialogue: 0,0:24:33.38,0:24:36.14,Default,,0,0,0,,is basically an overlap of these two types of pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:24:36.14,0:24:37.66,Default,,0,0,0,,All kinds of particles
Dialogue: 0,0:24:37.66,0:24:40.02,Default,,0,0,0,,react with each other in the air
Dialogue: 0,0:24:40.34,0:24:41.50,Default,,0,0,0,,Air movement has decreased
Dialogue: 0,0:24:41.50,0:24:42.66,Default,,0,0,0,,but the same quantity of pollutants remains
Dialogue: 0,0:24:42.66,0:24:43.82,Default,,0,0,0,,The unfortunate thing is that
Dialogue: 0,0:24:43.82,0:24:44.74,Default,,0,0,0,,these pollutants haven’t spread out
Dialogue: 0,0:24:44.74,0:24:46.46,Default,,0,0,0,,but are instead reacting with each other
Dialogue: 0,0:24:46.46,0:24:47.66,Default,,0,0,0,,this is what we call secondary particles
Dialogue: 0,0:24:47.86,0:24:48.34,Default,,0,0,0,,Complex pollutants
Dialogue: 0,0:24:48.34,0:24:49.10,Default,,0,0,0,,absorb
Dialogue: 0,0:24:49.10,0:24:49.94,Default,,0,0,0,,adhere
Dialogue: 0,0:24:49.94,0:24:50.66,Default,,0,0,0,,collide
Dialogue: 0,0:24:50.66,0:24:51.42,Default,,0,0,0,,merge
Dialogue: 0,0:24:51.42,0:24:52.90,Default,,0,0,0,,They all mix together
Dialogue: 0,0:24:52.90,0:24:55.38,Default,,0,0,0,,There’s no way for us to change natural conditions
Dialogue: 0,0:24:55.38,0:24:57.06,Default,,0,0,0,,we can only change ourselves
Dialogue: 0,0:24:57.06,0:24:58.18,Default,,0,0,0,,and the way to do that
Dialogue: 0,0:24:58.18,0:24:59.42,Default,,0,0,0,,is to reduce emissions
Dialogue: 0,0:25:01.70,0:25:04.78,Default,,0,0,0,,The whole world needs to burn coal and oil, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:04.78,0:25:06.34,Default,,0,0,0,,So what’s wrong with our coal?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:06.34,0:25:08.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Do you know how much coal China has burned?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:08.42,0:25:09.34,Default,,0,0,0,,In 2013
Dialogue: 0,0:25:09.34,0:25:11.98,Default,,0,0,0,,we had already burned 3.6 billion tons
Dialogue: 0,0:25:11.98,0:25:13.66,Default,,0,0,0,,But do you know how much
Dialogue: 0,0:25:13.66,0:25:16.06,Default,,0,0,0,,all the other countries in the world have burned?
Dialogue: 0,0:25:16.06,0:25:18.34,Default,,0,0,0,,We have burned more coal
Dialogue: 0,0:25:18.34,0:25:20.02,Default,,0,0,0,,than the rest of the world combined
Dialogue: 0,0:25:20.02,0:25:21.90,Default,,0,0,0,,The last time a country had this kind of consumption
Dialogue: 0,0:25:21.90,0:25:23.82,Default,,0,0,0,,was England in 1860
Dialogue: 0,0:25:23.82,0:25:24.50,Default,,0,0,0,,But as a result
Dialogue: 0,0:25:24.50,0:25:26.86,Default,,0,0,0,,they paid a heavy price
Dialogue: 0,0:25:29.54,0:25:32.14,Default,,0,0,0,,Deep in an abandoned mine in South Wales
Dialogue: 0,0:25:32.14,0:25:35.18,Default,,0,0,0,,lies the heart of England's industrial age
Dialogue: 0,0:25:35.18,0:25:36.54,Default,,0,0,0,,It used to drive
Dialogue: 0,0:25:36.54,0:25:39.06,Default,,0,0,0,,the most powerful empire in the world
Dialogue: 0,0:25:39.06,0:25:41.30,Default,,0,0,0,,But as a result it also brought this country
Dialogue: 0,0:25:41.30,0:25:42.70,Default,,0,0,0,,a frightening black disaster
Dialogue: 0,0:25:45.62,0:25:47.38,Default,,0,0,0,,These 4 smokestacks are 103 meters tall
Dialogue: 0,0:25:47.38,0:25:50.10,Default,,0,0,0,,They are the symbols of the industrial age in England
Dialogue: 0,0:25:50.10,0:25:52.98,Default,,0,0,0,,When the Battersea Power Station was completed in 1930
Dialogue: 0,0:25:52.98,0:25:54.90,Default,,0,0,0,,it would burn approximately 10,000 tons of coal per week
Dialogue: 0,0:25:54.90,0:25:57.02,Default,,0,0,0,,to supply one fifth of the electricity for the entire city of London
Dialogue: 0,0:25:57.02,0:25:59.46,Default,,0,0,0,,You could say that London was eating coal to survive
Dialogue: 0,0:25:59.46,0:26:01.62,Default,,0,0,0,,trains, boats,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:01.62,0:26:03.14,Default,,0,0,0,,iron, steel, everyday items
Dialogue: 0,0:26:03.14,0:26:04.70,Default,,0,0,0,,In all of London, it was like
Dialogue: 0,0:26:04.70,0:26:07.66,Default,,0,0,0,,millions of micro-volcanoes were all erupting at once
Dialogue: 0,0:26:07.66,0:26:09.22,Default,,0,0,0,,Since they were burning large quantities of poor quality coal
Dialogue: 0,0:26:09.22,0:26:10.70,Default,,0,0,0,,and emitting pollution at low elevations
Dialogue: 0,0:26:10.70,0:26:13.02,Default,,0,0,0,,the amount of pollution from family chimneys
Dialogue: 0,0:26:13.02,0:26:15.18,Default,,0,0,0,,was double the amount of pollution from industry
Dialogue: 0,0:26:15.18,0:26:16.70,Default,,0,0,0,,Slowly with time
Dialogue: 0,0:26:16.70,0:26:18.50,Default,,0,0,0,,London became completely covered in soot
Dialogue: 0,0:26:18.94,0:26:20.66,Default,,0,0,0,,People wore face masks to go to school
Dialogue: 0,0:26:21.30,0:26:22.54,Default,,0,0,0,,Wore face masks to go shopping
Dialogue: 0,0:26:22.94,0:26:23.78,Default,,0,0,0,,Wore facemasks to walk their dogs
Dialogue: 0,0:26:24.22,0:26:25.58,Default,,0,0,0,,Wore face masks to kiss
Dialogue: 0,0:26:30.46,0:26:31.58,Default,,0,0,0,,The day of the disaster
Dialogue: 0,0:26:31.58,0:26:33.98,Default,,0,0,0,,was December 5, 1952
Dialogue: 0,0:26:34.42,0:26:36.30,Default,,0,0,0,,a cold front stretched across the English Channel
Dialogue: 0,0:26:36.86,0:26:38.74,Default,,0,0,0,,and covered the entire river valley of the Thames River
Dialogue: 0,0:26:38.74,0:26:41.06,Default,,0,0,0,,This kept the smog under the clouds,
Dialogue: 0,0:26:41.06,0:26:42.02,Default,,0,0,0,,preventing it from dissipating
Dialogue: 0,0:26:42.02,0:26:43.46,Default,,0,0,0,,Poison smoke has closed down
Dialogue: 0,0:26:43.46,0:26:45.86,Default,,0,0,0,,Residents have difficulty in breathing the murky air
Dialogue: 0,0:26:46.02,0:26:48.30,Default,,0,0,0,,People walking down the street couldn’t even see their own feet
Dialogue: 0,0:26:48.30,0:26:50.10,Default,,0,0,0,,You needed a blind person to lead you home
Dialogue: 0,0:26:50.10,0:26:51.54,Default,,0,0,0,,Traffic police used large lamps to light themselves up
Dialogue: 0,0:26:51.54,0:26:52.78,Default,,0,0,0,,so they wouldn’t get hit by cars
Dialogue: 0,0:26:52.78,0:26:54.66,Default,,0,0,0,,All of London was completely silent
Dialogue: 0,0:26:55.98,0:26:58.02,Default,,0,0,0,,You could only see ambulances, because they had to bring
Dialogue: 0,0:26:58.02,0:26:59.34,Default,,0,0,0,,those whose lives were in danger to the hospital
Dialogue: 0,0:26:59.34,0:27:00.78,Default,,0,0,0,,But when they were on the road they had to rely on
Dialogue: 0,0:27:00.78,0:27:03.70,Default,,0,0,0,,people holding torches to show them the way
Dialogue: 0,0:27:06.38,0:27:10.06,Default,,0,0,0,,In the end 12,000 people died in the smog
Dialogue: 0,0:27:10.06,0:27:11.30,Default,,0,0,0,,The lungs of the dead were sampled
Dialogue: 0,0:27:11.30,0:27:13.50,Default,,0,0,0,,and close examination confirmed that they died due to
Dialogue: 0,0:27:13.50,0:27:15.90,Default,,0,0,0,,prolonged exposure to black carbon, a by-product of burning coal
Dialogue: 0,0:27:15.90,0:27:17.98,Default,,0,0,0,,and a short-term overexposure to a high concentration of
Dialogue: 0,0:27:17.98,0:27:19.22,Default,,0,0,0,,fine particulate matter containing heavy metals
Dialogue: 0,0:27:19.22,0:27:21.26,Default,,0,0,0,,The Coalition for Clean Air calculated that
Dialogue: 0,0:27:21.26,0:27:22.66,Default,,0,0,0,,the concentration of pollution in London at the time
Dialogue: 0,0:27:22.66,0:27:24.58,Default,,0,0,0,,might have surpassed the current pollution in China by a large margin
Dialogue: 0,0:27:24.58,0:27:26.50,Default,,0,0,0,,Even though PM2.5 was not measured at the time
Dialogue: 0,0:27:26.50,0:27:28.38,Default,,0,0,0,,But during the Great Smog
Dialogue: 0,0:27:28.38,0:27:29.18,Default,,0,0,0,,the concentration of sulfur dioxide
Dialogue: 0,0:27:29.18,0:27:31.78,Default,,0,0,0,,was 190 times the WHO standard
Dialogue: 0,0:27:31.78,0:27:33.62,Default,,0,0,0,,and exceeded China's PM2.5 standard
Dialogue: 0,0:27:33.62,0:27:34.94,Default,,0,0,0,,by an order of magnitude
Dialogue: 0,0:27:38.22,0:27:41.62,Default,,0,0,0,,In the 1960s, after the Great Smog in London,
Dialogue: 0,0:27:41.62,0:27:45.86,Default,,0,0,0,,other countries began to reduce and control their use of coal
Dialogue: 0,0:27:45.86,0:27:49.70,Default,,0,0,0,,But that was also the time when China started its economic reform
Dialogue: 0,0:27:49.70,0:27:52.10,Default,,0,0,0,,A country that had been closed and left behind for so many years
Dialogue: 0,0:27:52.10,0:27:55.22,Default,,0,0,0,,desperately needed massive amounts of energy to develop
Dialogue: 0,0:27:55.22,0:27:56.78,Default,,0,0,0,,And it chose to get that energy from coal
Dialogue: 0,0:27:56.78,0:27:58.06,Default,,0,0,0,,This curve shows coal's growth as an energy source
Dialogue: 0,0:28:00.14,0:28:03.10,Default,,0,0,0,,India is also on a similar path
Dialogue: 0,0:28:03.10,0:28:06.54,Default,,0,0,0,,In near future, India will be the world's second largest consumer of coal
Dialogue: 0,0:28:06.54,0:28:08.18,Default,,0,0,0,,But as of today, India has not yet set standards
Dialogue: 0,0:28:08.18,0:28:11.06,Default,,0,0,0,,for emissions of important pollutants in its industries
Dialogue: 0,0:28:11.06,0:28:14.34,Default,,0,0,0,,India is also a country suffering from severe air pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:28:14.34,0:28:17.46,Default,,0,0,0,,So where does all this coal end up being used in China?
Dialogue: 0,0:28:17.46,0:28:20.94,Default,,0,0,0,,Let's take a look at the 3.6 billion tons of coal consumed in 2013
Dialogue: 0,0:28:20.94,0:28:23.78,Default,,0,0,0,,380 million tons was burnt in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei
Dialogue: 0,0:28:23.78,0:28:27.82,Default,,0,0,0,,Of that 380 million tons, 300 million tons
Dialogue: 0,0:28:27.82,0:28:29.50,Default,,0,0,0,,was burnt in Hebei
Dialogue: 0,0:28:29.50,0:28:30.62,Default,,0,0,0,,I was really surprised because
Dialogue: 0,0:28:30.62,0:28:32.90,Default,,0,0,0,,I always thought it was us Shanxi people who burnt the most coal
Dialogue: 0,0:28:32.90,0:28:35.14,Default,,0,0,0,,When did Hebei start burning so much coal?
Dialogue: 0,0:28:35.14,0:28:37.02,Default,,0,0,0,,Dr. Hao Jiming from Tsinghua University asked me
Dialogue: 0,0:28:37.94,0:28:40.66,Default,,0,0,0,,Have you seen the world coal and steel production rankings?
Dialogue: 0,0:28:41.98,0:28:45.06,Default,,0,0,0,,He said that China is in first place
Dialogue: 0,0:28:45.06,0:28:46.50,Default,,0,0,0,,Hebei is second
Dialogue: 0,0:28:46.50,0:28:47.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Tangshan is third
Dialogue: 0,0:28:47.90,0:28:48.74,Default,,0,0,0,,US is fourth (laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:28:50.38,0:28:51.42,Default,,0,0,0,,He also added that originally
Dialogue: 0,0:28:51.42,0:28:53.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Tangshan lied in order to be fifth (laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:28:53.98,0:28:56.30,Default,,0,0,0,,Does more coal use and industrialization necessarily mean more pollution?
Dialogue: 0,0:28:56.30,0:28:57.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Other countries also produce steel
Dialogue: 0,0:28:57.98,0:28:58.58,Default,,0,0,0,,He said
Dialogue: 0,0:28:58.58,0:29:00.82,Default,,0,0,0,,you will understand what I mean if you go to Tangshan
Dialogue: 0,0:29:00.82,0:29:02.38,Default,,0,0,0,,So, last October
Dialogue: 0,0:29:02.38,0:29:04.90,Default,,0,0,0,,together with the MEP North China Supervision Centre
Dialogue: 0,0:29:04.90,0:29:07.42,Default,,0,0,0,,we went to Tangshan equipped with drones
Dialogue: 0,0:29:07.42,0:29:09.09,Default,,0,0,0,,to take a look at the actual conditions
Dialogue: 0,0:29:09.09,0:29:12.58,Default,,0,0,0,,Zhang Dawei - MEP Bureau of Environmental Supervision
Dialogue: 0,0:29:12.86,0:29:14.10,Default,,0,0,0,,Can you see that smoke over there?
Dialogue: 0,0:29:14.10,0:29:15.70,Default,,0,0,0,,It’s not that clear because of the big smoke
Dialogue: 0,0:29:19.01,0:29:21.01,Default,,0,0,0,,Visual inspection of emissions from the factory was impossible
Dialogue: 0,0:29:25.14,0:29:28.02,Default,,0,0,0,,The weather now makes it difficult to see clearly
Dialogue: 0,0:29:33.94,0:29:36.85,Default,,0,0,0,,Drone inspection failed due to intense smog
Dialogue: 0,0:29:37.02,0:29:39.26,Default,,0,0,0,,Have a look behind to see if anyone is following us
Dialogue: 0,0:29:40.99,0:29:42.72,Default,,0,0,0,,The MEP paid an unannounced visit to the factory
Dialogue: 0,0:29:51.18,0:29:54.46,Default,,0,0,0,,This choking smell of sulfur dioxide must be the smoke
Dialogue: 0,0:29:54.46,0:29:55.54,Default,,0,0,0,,We can now see that
Dialogue: 0,0:29:55.54,0:29:58.38,Default,,0,0,0,,a lot of smoke is leaking around the edges
Dialogue: 0,0:29:58.70,0:29:59.74,Default,,0,0,0,,This smoke
Dialogue: 0,0:29:59.74,0:30:01.18,Default,,0,0,0,,is being emitted without any controls
Dialogue: 0,0:30:01.18,0:30:02.34,Default,,0,0,0,,and released into the atmosphere
Dialogue: 0,0:30:02.34,0:30:03.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Why aren't you using the dust filters?
Dialogue: 0,0:30:03.98,0:30:05.10,Default,,0,0,0,,We are using them
Dialogue: 0,0:30:05.10,0:30:07.18,Default,,0,0,0,,Then why is there so much smoke?
Dialogue: 0,0:30:10.50,0:30:11.98,Default,,0,0,0,,They are operating, see it's being sucked up
Dialogue: 0,0:30:17.82,0:30:19.78,Default,,0,0,0,,Oh my god, have a look underneath
Dialogue: 0,0:30:19.78,0:30:20.46,Default,,0,0,0,,I'm going down to see
Dialogue: 0,0:30:20.46,0:30:23.02,Default,,0,0,0,,This has to be the most dangerous thing I've done in my career, my life
Dialogue: 0,0:30:23.02,0:30:24.26,Default,,0,0,0,,Oh my god, it's too terrifying
Dialogue: 0,0:30:24.34,0:30:25.46,Default,,0,0,0,,Stop, stop, stop
Dialogue: 0,0:30:25.70,0:30:26.54,Default,,0,0,0,,Someone fell
Dialogue: 0,0:30:29.46,0:30:31.50,Default,,0,0,0,,The person who fell was Inspector Zhang Dawei
Dialogue: 0,0:30:31.50,0:30:32.70,Default,,0,0,0,,from the MEP North China Bureau of Environmental Supervision
Dialogue: 0,0:30:32.70,0:30:34.54,Default,,0,0,0,,We were all scared at the time
Dialogue: 0,0:30:34.54,0:30:38.38,Default,,0,0,0,,because there weren't any lights or warning signs in the factory
Dialogue: 0,0:30:38.38,0:30:41.74,Default,,0,0,0,,There was a pit about 3 meters deep filled with steel and cement
Dialogue: 0,0:30:41.74,0:30:44.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Dawei wanted to go down and check for emissions from this place
Dialogue: 0,0:30:44.42,0:30:46.14,Default,,0,0,0,,and he fell in
Dialogue: 0,0:30:46.14,0:30:47.82,Default,,0,0,0,,Fortunately he wasn't injured seriously
Dialogue: 0,0:30:47.82,0:30:50.58,Default,,0,0,0,,so we took him to the hospital and then back to Beijing that night
Dialogue: 0,0:30:51.94,0:30:55.06,Default,,0,0,0,,But what surprised me most was we put in so much effort,
Dialogue: 0,0:30:55.06,0:30:58.77,Default,,0,0,0,,had so much trouble, and despite finding clear evidence of pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:30:58.77,0:31:01.78,Default,,0,0,0,,in the end, this company was not penalized in any way
Dialogue: 0,0:31:03.14,0:31:04.16,Default,,0,0,0,,I asked Dawei why
Dialogue: 0,0:31:04.17,0:31:05.57,Default,,0,0,0,,He said, “You should ask my boss”
Dialogue: 0,0:31:05.57,0:31:06.70,Default,,0,0,0,,Xiong Yuehui - MEP Department of Science, Technology and Standards
Dialogue: 0,0:31:06.70,0:31:09.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Over 60% of steel firms
Dialogue: 0,0:31:09.90,0:31:11.46,Default,,0,0,0,,have not completed the approval process
Dialogue: 0,0:31:11.46,0:31:13.30,Default,,0,0,0,,They did not bother to consult environmental protection law
Dialogue: 0,0:31:13.30,0:31:15.78,Default,,0,0,0,,but only tried to stop the approval process
Dialogue: 0,0:31:15.78,0:31:18.90,Default,,0,0,0,,They stopped the approval process whether production is legal or not
Dialogue: 0,0:31:18.90,0:31:22.06,Default,,0,0,0,,They know there is no chance, so they act with utter recklessness
Dialogue: 0,0:31:22.06,0:31:23.30,Default,,0,0,0,,Their operations are completely unlicensed
Dialogue: 0,0:31:23.30,0:31:26.90,Default,,0,0,0,,The inspectors don't even want to go or touch this industry in any way
Dialogue: 0,0:31:26.90,0:31:28.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Can you really shut them down?
Dialogue: 0,0:31:28.90,0:31:30.54,Default,,0,0,0,,Can you really stop them?
Dialogue: 0,0:31:30.54,0:31:31.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Why can't we shut them down?
Dialogue: 0,0:31:31.90,0:31:33.22,Default,,0,0,0,,You must be kidding
Dialogue: 0,0:31:33.22,0:31:35.18,Default,,0,0,0,,How many jobs do you create when you produce ten million tons of steel?
Dialogue: 0,0:31:35.18,0:31:36.54,Default,,0,0,0,,One hundred thousand jobs
Dialogue: 0,0:31:36.78,0:31:39.10,Default,,0,0,0,,How important is the steel industry in Hebei?
Dialogue: 0,0:31:39.10,0:31:42.86,Default,,0,0,0,,It's so important that you can’t simply shut them down
Dialogue: 0,0:31:43.10,0:31:46.90,Default,,0,0,0,,This province has a huge amount of heavy industry scattered throughout it,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:46.90,0:31:48.54,Default,,0,0,0,,consuming large quantities of coal,
Dialogue: 0,0:31:48.54,0:31:52.06,Default,,0,0,0,,without effective pollution controls
Dialogue: 0,0:31:52.06,0:31:53.74,Default,,0,0,0,,and the industries can not be forced to shut down
Dialogue: 0,0:31:53.74,0:31:55.10,Default,,0,0,0,,What are the consequences of this?
Dialogue: 0,0:31:55.10,0:31:56.58,Default,,0,0,0,,I have a good friend, Hao
Dialogue: 0,0:31:56.58,0:31:58.10,Default,,0,0,0,,who was also colleague of mine on {\i1}News Investigation{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:31:58.10,0:31:59.30,Default,,0,0,0,,She was the one who went with me ten years ago
Dialogue: 0,0:31:59.30,0:32:00.78,Default,,0,0,0,,to Shanxi to report on the local pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:32:00.78,0:32:02.30,Default,,0,0,0,,She knew I was from Linfen (in Shanxi) and
Dialogue: 0,0:32:02.30,0:32:03.94,Default,,0,0,0,,sometimes she would jokingly send me pictures
Dialogue: 0,0:32:03.94,0:32:05.58,Default,,0,0,0,,She would say, “I heard your hometown is now
Dialogue: 0,0:32:05.58,0:32:08.58,Default,,0,0,0,,the most polluted city on the planet.”
Dialogue: 0,0:32:08.58,0:32:09.70,Default,,0,0,0,,I was speechless
Dialogue: 0,0:32:09.70,0:32:12.94,Default,,0,0,0,,But after 10 years I sent this picture to her
Dialogue: 0,0:32:15.70,0:32:16.74,Default,,0,0,0,,Let’s take a closer look
Dialogue: 0,0:32:19.54,0:32:21.70,Default,,0,0,0,,Celebrating the fact that our city's air
Dialogue: 0,0:32:21.70,0:32:24.22,Default,,0,0,0,,is no longer the most polluted of 74 cities in China (laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:32:24.22,0:32:26.42,Default,,0,0,0,,This was a real banner in Hebei
Dialogue: 0,0:32:26.42,0:32:29.94,Default,,0,0,0,,Unfortunately, this city was once again the most polluted city on the list (3 months later)
Dialogue: 0,0:32:29.94,0:32:34.42,Default,,0,0,0,,But this kind of joke really makes me sad
Dialogue: 0,0:32:34.42,0:32:37.06,Default,,0,0,0,,And for people living in Beijing
Dialogue: 0,0:32:37.06,0:32:39.26,Default,,0,0,0,,every time the wind blows from the south
Dialogue: 0,0:32:39.26,0:32:41.30,Default,,0,0,0,,the pollution from Hebei moves towards us like this
Dialogue: 0,0:32:41.30,0:32:43.86,Default,,0,0,0,,You can't keep the air out with a wall
Dialogue: 0,0:32:43.86,0:32:45.90,Default,,0,0,0,,So this what they mean when they say
Dialogue: 0,0:32:45.90,0:32:47.78,Default,,0,0,0,,“Breath together and live together”
Dialogue: 0,0:32:47.78,0:32:49.94,Default,,0,0,0,,I have another friend, called Fan
Dialogue: 0,0:32:49.94,0:32:52.10,Default,,0,0,0,,She is from Jiangsu
Dialogue: 0,0:32:52.10,0:32:53.78,Default,,0,0,0,,I used to argue with Hao
Dialogue: 0,0:32:53.78,0:32:56.02,Default,,0,0,0,,about which province is more polluted, Hebei or Shanxi
Dialogue: 0,0:32:56.02,0:32:57.50,Default,,0,0,0,,Fan used to say, offhand
Dialogue: 0,0:32:57.50,0:32:59.90,Default,,0,0,0,,“Well, we southerners don't really have any pollution”
Dialogue: 0,0:33:01.38,0:33:02.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Now Eastern China also experiences severe pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:33:05.46,0:33:06.22,Default,,0,0,0,,But Fan was quite surprised
Dialogue: 0,0:33:06.22,0:33:08.38,Default,,0,0,0,,She said, “It’s impossible,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:08.38,0:33:10.26,Default,,0,0,0,,at least Eastern China’s pollution can't have anything to do with coal
Dialogue: 0,0:33:10.26,0:33:12.02,Default,,0,0,0,,because I’ve never seen coal in my whole life”
Dialogue: 0,0:33:12.02,0:33:12.86,Default,,0,0,0,,Right
Dialogue: 0,0:33:12.86,0:33:15.38,Default,,0,0,0,,I showed her this image
Dialogue: 0,0:33:15.38,0:33:17.54,Default,,0,0,0,,These are the iron and steel factories near your house
Dialogue: 0,0:33:17.54,0:33:19.38,Default,,0,0,0,,These are power plants near your house
Dialogue: 0,0:33:19.38,0:33:22.70,Default,,0,0,0,,These are cement factories near your house
Dialogue: 0,0:33:22.70,0:33:26.54,Default,,0,0,0,,In Jiangsu there’s one power plant for every 30 square kilometers
Dialogue: 0,0:33:26.54,0:33:29.42,Default,,0,0,0,,And what is the current state of emissions from these companies?
Dialogue: 0,0:33:29.42,0:33:33.94,Default,,0,0,0,,Here we can see their emissions in real time
Dialogue: 0,0:33:33.94,0:33:36.34,Default,,0,0,0,,The red spots indicate emissions exceeding the standards
Dialogue: 0,0:33:36.34,0:33:37.90,Default,,0,0,0,,As we zoom in,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:37.90,0:33:39.26,Default,,0,0,0,,you can see how many firms in the east
Dialogue: 0,0:33:39.26,0:33:42.54,Default,,0,0,0,,are emitting pollutants in excess of the limits
Dialogue: 0,0:33:42.54,0:33:44.22,Default,,0,0,0,,Among them, Shanghai
Dialogue: 0,0:33:44.22,0:33:45.82,Default,,0,0,0,,which burns a lot of coal itself,
Dialogue: 0,0:33:45.82,0:33:48.54,Default,,0,0,0,,is burning the largest quantity of coal per unit of area
Dialogue: 0,0:33:48.54,0:33:49.78,Default,,0,0,0,,of all the metropolitan cities
Dialogue: 0,0:33:49.78,0:33:51.22,Default,,0,0,0,,10 kilograms of coal are burned
Dialogue: 0,0:33:51.22,0:33:52.98,Default,,0,0,0,,for every square meter of land
Dialogue: 0,0:33:52.98,0:33:56.06,Default,,0,0,0,,What are the consequences of burning more coal?
Dialogue: 0,0:33:56.06,0:33:57.86,Default,,0,0,0,,One problem I never thought about
Dialogue: 0,0:33:57.86,0:33:59.86,Default,,0,0,0,,is that high quality coal will become increasingly scarce
Dialogue: 0,0:33:59.86,0:34:00.46,Default,,0,0,0,,Right?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:00.46,0:34:01.58,Default,,0,0,0,,So what should we do?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:01.58,0:34:04.02,Default,,0,0,0,,So lower quality coal will become more common
Dialogue: 0,0:34:04.02,0:34:06.38,Default,,0,0,0,,How low can the quality be?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:06.38,0:34:08.22,Default,,0,0,0,,This is common coal
Dialogue: 0,0:34:08.22,0:34:11.78,Default,,0,0,0,,What about this, is this coal too?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:11.78,0:34:13.10,Default,,0,0,0,,At first I did not think this was coal
Dialogue: 0,0:34:13.10,0:34:14.06,Default,,0,0,0,,this must be wood,
Dialogue: 0,0:34:14.06,0:34:17.02,Default,,0,0,0,,you can still see the texture and fossils on top
Dialogue: 0,0:34:17.02,0:34:18.74,Default,,0,0,0,,But people from coal washing factories told me that
Dialogue: 0,0:34:18.74,0:34:19.38,Default,,0,0,0,,this is really coal
Dialogue: 0,0:34:19.38,0:34:20.62,Default,,0,0,0,,It's called lignite, or brown coal
Dialogue: 0,0:34:20.62,0:34:22.26,Default,,0,0,0,,It’s the youngest coal in the world
Dialogue: 0,0:34:22.26,0:34:24.54,Default,,0,0,0,,It’s so young that the level of coalification is extremely low
Dialogue: 0,0:34:24.54,0:34:26.14,Default,,0,0,0,,When it is burnt, half of it
Dialogue: 0,0:34:26.14,0:34:28.98,Default,,0,0,0,,will turn to black smog, floating in the air
Dialogue: 0,0:34:28.98,0:34:30.90,Default,,0,0,0,,How much brown coal have we used?
Dialogue: 0,0:34:30.90,0:34:35.10,Default,,0,0,0,,This is a graph of brown coal production in recent years
Dialogue: 0,0:34:35.10,0:34:36.82,Default,,0,0,0,,And these are the consequences
Dialogue: 0,0:34:36.82,0:34:39.50,Default,,0,0,0,,On October 21, 2013
Dialogue: 0,0:34:39.50,0:34:41.82,Default,,0,0,0,,on the first day the district heating was turned on in Harbin
Dialogue: 0,0:34:41.82,0:34:42.98,Default,,0,0,0,,There was so much smog that
Dialogue: 0,0:34:42.98,0:34:45.34,Default,,0,0,0,,that PM2.5 index exceeded 1000
Dialogue: 0,0:34:45.34,0:34:47.26,Default,,0,0,0,,This was how Harbin people spent that day
Dialogue: 0,0:34:49.10,0:34:51.50,Default,,0,0,0,,I talked with people from Harbin’s environmental protection bureau
Dialogue: 0,0:34:51.50,0:34:55.14,Default,,0,0,0,,and mentioned that I heard buses got lost over those two days
Dialogue: 0,0:34:55.14,0:34:56.86,Default,,0,0,0,,He smiled bitterly and said
Dialogue: 0,0:34:56.86,0:34:59.75,Default,,0,0,0,,Never mind the buses, even our own bureau director got lost (laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:35:00.34,0:35:02.86,Default,,0,0,0,,He said when he was inspecting sites on that day
Dialogue: 0,0:35:02.86,0:35:06.06,Default,,0,0,0,,nobody recognized him because of the smog
Dialogue: 0,0:35:06.06,0:35:07.06,Default,,0,0,0,,The smog in Harbin
Dialogue: 0,0:35:07.06,0:35:08.18,Default,,0,0,0,,was caused by burning
Dialogue: 0,0:35:08.18,0:35:09.90,Default,,0,0,0,,over 20 million tons of brown coal
Dialogue: 0,0:35:09.90,0:35:13.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Plus, in 2013, several hundred thousand coal burning boilers like these across China
Dialogue: 0,0:35:13.90,0:35:15.26,Default,,0,0,0,,did not comply with any environmental standard
Dialogue: 0,0:35:15.26,0:35:16.90,Default,,0,0,0,,and were not regulated at all
Dialogue: 0,0:35:16.90,0:35:17.70,Default,,0,0,0,,The coal was burned
Dialogue: 0,0:35:17.70,0:35:18.50,Default,,0,0,0,,and pollutants were emitted
Dialogue: 0,0:35:18.50,0:35:19.78,Default,,0,0,0,,and released into the atmosphere
Dialogue: 0,0:35:19.78,0:35:21.94,Default,,0,0,0,,When you look down from above
Dialogue: 0,0:35:21.94,0:35:23.86,Default,,0,0,0,,it was as if 12 million people were
Dialogue: 0,0:35:23.86,0:35:26.86,Default,,0,0,0,,buried under cement
Dialogue: 0,0:35:26.86,0:35:29.34,Default,,0,0,0,,Coal itself does not mean pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:35:29.34,0:35:31.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Germany also uses brown coal
Dialogue: 0,0:35:31.42,0:35:34.38,Default,,0,0,0,,But in Germany they first clean and wash the brown coal to improve its quality
Dialogue: 0,0:35:34.38,0:35:35.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Coal can be cleaned
Dialogue: 0,0:35:35.90,0:35:38.90,Default,,0,0,0,,The British wash 95% of their coal
Dialogue: 0,0:35:38.90,0:35:41.26,Default,,0,0,0,,And what about China?
Dialogue: 0,0:35:41.26,0:35:44.86,Default,,0,0,0,,We wash less than half of our coal
Dialogue: 0,0:35:44.86,0:35:47.90,Default,,0,0,0,,The other half, nearly several hundred million tons of coal
Dialogue: 0,0:35:47.90,0:35:50.34,Default,,0,0,0,,contained the practically useless and highly polluting and inefficient
Dialogue: 0,0:35:50.34,0:35:51.74,Default,,0,0,0,,material called ash
Dialogue: 0,0:35:51.74,0:35:54.30,Default,,0,0,0,,But we transport it with trains, with trucks
Dialogue: 0,0:35:54.30,0:35:57.42,Default,,0,0,0,,around the world and burn it in cooking stoves
Dialogue: 0,0:35:57.42,0:35:59.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Completely useless
Dialogue: 0,0:35:59.42,0:36:00.94,Default,,0,0,0,,The result is
Dialogue: 0,0:36:00.94,0:36:04.14,Default,,0,0,0,,that most of the brown coal is burnt in people's homes
Dialogue: 0,0:36:04.14,0:36:05.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Even in urban areas in China,
Dialogue: 0,0:36:05.42,0:36:07.50,Default,,0,0,0,,one quarter of people burn brown coal
Dialogue: 0,0:36:08.34,0:36:09.34,Default,,0,0,0,,They don't burn a lot of coal
Dialogue: 0,0:36:09.34,0:36:10.54,Default,,0,0,0,,only 20 percent of the country's total
Dialogue: 0,0:36:10.54,0:36:12.62,Default,,0,0,0,,but the sulfur dioxide emitted from this burning
Dialogue: 0,0:36:13.26,0:36:16.38,Default,,0,0,0,,is equivalent to the emissions from all the power plants together
Dialogue: 0,0:36:16.38,0:36:18.30,Default,,0,0,0,,That's how much of a difference washing coal can make
Dialogue: 0,0:36:18.30,0:36:21.30,Default,,0,0,0,,The most terrifying thing is, it’s highly toxic
Dialogue: 0,0:36:21.30,0:36:24.34,Default,,0,0,0,,In Beijing, the toxicity of PM2.5 during winter
Dialogue: 0,0:36:24.34,0:36:27.02,Default,,0,0,0,,is far greater than it in summer
Dialogue: 0,0:36:27.02,0:36:28.30,Default,,0,0,0,,The carcinogen content in winter
Dialogue: 0,0:36:28.30,0:36:29.90,Default,,0,0,0,,is 25 times higher than in summer
Dialogue: 0,0:36:29.90,0:36:31.18,Default,,0,0,0,,Why is PM2.5 so toxic in winter?
Dialogue: 0,0:36:31.18,0:36:34.10,Default,,0,0,0,,Mostly because people are burning scrap coal
Dialogue: 0,0:36:34.10,0:36:36.26,Default,,0,0,0,,This type of coal emits an extremely large quantity of carcinogens
Dialogue: 0,0:36:37.50,0:36:38.66,Default,,0,0,0,,For many years Chinese people
Dialogue: 0,0:36:38.66,0:36:41.66,Default,,0,0,0,,have been suffering from the consequences of burning scrap coal
Dialogue: 0,0:36:42.58,0:36:43.90,Default,,0,0,0,,In Xuanwei (Yunnan) there’s a town called Hutou
Dialogue: 0,0:36:43.90,0:36:45.02,Default,,0,0,0,,Burning scrap coal means it now has
Dialogue: 0,0:36:45.02,0:36:47.82,Default,,0,0,0,,one of the highest incidence rates of lung cancer in the world
Dialogue: 0,0:36:50.86,0:36:52.82,Default,,0,0,0,,This person is in the late stages of lung cancer
Dialogue: 0,0:36:52.82,0:36:54.46,Default,,0,0,0,,He was coughing up blood
Dialogue: 0,0:36:54.46,0:36:57.34,Default,,0,0,0,,He was too weak to brush away the mosquitoes
Dialogue: 0,0:36:57.34,0:37:01.18,Default,,0,0,0,,so he asked someone to put flypaper on his body
Dialogue: 0,0:37:04.18,0:37:06.66,Default,,0,0,0,,This old man was photographed with all the people close to him
Dialogue: 0,0:37:06.66,0:37:09.18,Default,,0,0,0,,whose lives were taken by lung cancer over these years
Dialogue: 0,0:37:11.86,0:37:14.38,Default,,0,0,0,,There are even entire families that have been wiped out
Dialogue: 0,0:37:15.86,0:37:18.70,Default,,0,0,0,,We always hear that that China is still a developing country,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:18.70,0:37:20.50,Default,,0,0,0,,and that environmental protection is a luxury we cannot afford
Dialogue: 0,0:37:21.50,0:37:23.82,Default,,0,0,0,,But it’s often the poorest people
Dialogue: 0,0:37:23.82,0:37:25.02,Default,,0,0,0,,who suffer the most from pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:37:25.02,0:37:27.10,Default,,0,0,0,,They are the most likely to be hurt
Dialogue: 0,0:37:27.10,0:37:29.14,Default,,0,0,0,,They are the ones whose voices need most to be heard
Dialogue: 0,0:37:29.14,0:37:30.74,Default,,0,0,0,,They need help the most
Dialogue: 0,0:37:31.78,0:37:34.78,Default,,0,0,0,,These past few years, our coal consumption has been extremely high
Dialogue: 0,0:37:34.78,0:37:36.58,Default,,0,0,0,,As a result, the quality of the coal we use has decreased
Dialogue: 0,0:37:36.58,0:37:38.06,Default,,0,0,0,,We also don't wash our coal
Dialogue: 0,0:37:38.06,0:37:39.66,Default,,0,0,0,,and there are almost no controls on emissions
Dialogue: 0,0:37:39.66,0:37:41.14,Default,,0,0,0,,This is the result
Dialogue: 0,0:37:42.02,0:37:42.78,Default,,0,0,0,,The places in China
Dialogue: 0,0:37:42.78,0:37:44.86,Default,,0,0,0,,with the most coal consumption
Dialogue: 0,0:37:44.86,0:37:48.06,Default,,0,0,0,,also have the highest concentrations of PM2.5
Dialogue: 0,0:37:48.10,0:37:50.38,Default,,0,0,0,,I mean, the easiest way to clean up the environment
Dialogue: 0,0:37:50.38,0:37:52.66,Default,,0,0,0,,is to lower our consumption of coal to below 2 billion tons
Dialogue: 0,0:37:52.66,0:37:54.22,Default,,0,0,0,,This will guarantee blue skies
Dialogue: 0,0:37:54.22,0:37:55.54,Default,,0,0,0,,If we can’t reach this goal,
Dialogue: 0,0:37:55.54,0:37:57.54,Default,,0,0,0,,we can try to centralize the burning of coal
Dialogue: 0,0:37:57.54,0:37:59.66,Default,,0,0,0,,and replace scrap coal burning with use in coal power plants instead
Dialogue: 0,0:37:59.66,0:38:01.30,Default,,0,0,0,,As a next step,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:01.30,0:38:02.62,Default,,0,0,0,,if we still can’t accomplish this,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:02.62,0:38:05.02,Default,,0,0,0,,we can try to wash the scrap coal we use
Dialogue: 0,0:38:05.02,0:38:07.70,Default,,0,0,0,,If all the scrap coal is washed, how would that affect emissions?
Dialogue: 0,0:38:07.70,0:38:09.14,Default,,0,0,0,,It would halve our emissions at the very least
Dialogue: 0,0:38:09.14,0:38:10.98,Default,,0,0,0,,We can make two changes at present
Dialogue: 0,0:38:10.98,0:38:13.06,Default,,0,0,0,,First, we must reduce consumption of coal
Dialogue: 0,0:38:13.06,0:38:14.22,Default,,0,0,0,,or we can wash our coal
Dialogue: 0,0:38:14.22,0:38:15.96,Default,,0,0,0,,{\i1}Article 23 Atmospheric Protection Law{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:38:15.96,0:38:16.98,Default,,0,0,0,,The government promotes washing and upgrading coal
Dialogue: 0,0:38:16.98,0:38:18.30,Default,,0,0,0,,Reduction of the sulfur and ash content in coal
Dialogue: 0,0:38:18.30,0:38:19.54,Default,,0,0,0,,Restrictions on extracting coal with high sulfur and ash content
Dialogue: 0,0:38:19.54,0:38:21.12,Default,,0,0,0,,{\i1}Article 1 of the Ten atmosphere protection articles{\i0}
Dialogue: 0,0:38:21.12,0:38:22.21,Default,,0,0,0,,Overhaul small-scale coal burners
Dialogue: 0,0:38:22.21,0:38:23.87,Default,,0,0,0,,Accelerating de-sulfurization and reducing nitrogen compounds and ash
Dialogue: 0,0:38:23.87,0:38:28.58,Default,,0,0,0,,In 2014, PM2.5 has been reduced 11.1% from its original level in 74 cities
Dialogue: 0,0:38:28.93,0:38:31.98,Default,,0,0,0,,but only 8 cities met the standards set by the government
Dialogue: 0,0:38:31.98,0:38:34.18,Default,,0,0,0,,If we could effectively carry out all of the current environmental protection measures
Dialogue: 0,0:38:34.18,0:38:36.70,Default,,0,0,0,,Just the ones we already have right now, have them 100% enforced,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:36.70,0:38:39.70,Default,,0,0,0,,our ash emission and sulfur dioxide emission
Dialogue: 0,0:38:39.70,0:38:41.06,Default,,0,0,0,,would be 60% lower than current levels,
Dialogue: 0,0:38:41.06,0:38:43.42,Default,,0,0,0,,our nitrogen oxide emission would be 35% lower
Dialogue: 0,0:38:43.42,0:38:45.58,Default,,0,0,0,,In order to solve the environmental problem in China
Dialogue: 0,0:38:45.58,0:38:47.30,Default,,0,0,0,,first, we need to have better management
Dialogue: 0,0:38:47.30,0:38:49.30,Default,,0,0,0,,Second, we still need better management
Dialogue: 0,0:38:49.30,0:38:51.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Third, is still better management
Dialogue: 0,0:38:51.42,0:38:52.58,Default,,0,0,0,,President Xi Jinping said
Dialogue: 0,0:38:52.58,0:38:55.70,Default,,0,0,0,,“The dignity of the law depends on its enforcement.”
Dialogue: 0,0:38:56.26,0:38:57.38,Default,,0,0,0,,China took only 30 years
Dialogue: 0,0:38:57.38,0:38:59.06,Default,,0,0,0,,to complete an industrialization process
Dialogue: 0,0:38:59.06,0:39:00.26,Default,,0,0,0,,that took a hundred years in other countries
Dialogue: 0,0:39:00.26,0:39:02.34,Default,,0,0,0,,Therefore, on top of the pollution from coal
Dialogue: 0,0:39:02.34,0:39:03.98,Default,,0,0,0,,we have to account for
Dialogue: 0,0:39:03.98,0:39:05.06,Default,,0,0,0,,the pollution from oil as well
Dialogue: 0,0:39:05.06,0:39:07.10,Default,,0,0,0,,So what happens to our oil?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:07.10,0:39:08.86,Default,,0,0,0,,Most of our oil is burnt by vehicles
Dialogue: 0,0:39:08.86,0:39:11.22,Default,,0,0,0,,In ten years, the number of vehicles in China
Dialogue: 0,0:39:11.22,0:39:12.54,Default,,0,0,0,,has increased by about 100 million
Dialogue: 0,0:39:12.54,0:39:14.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Looking specifically at Beijing in 2010
Dialogue: 0,0:39:14.90,0:39:17.06,Default,,0,0,0,,how many cars were added in that one year?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:17.06,0:39:18.02,Default,,0,0,0,,800,000 more
Dialogue: 0,0:39:18.02,0:39:19.06,Default,,0,0,0,,What does 800,000 cars mean?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:19.06,0:39:23.58,Default,,0,0,0,,If all these cars were placed end-to-end, they would stretch from Beijing to Shenzhen
Dialogue: 0,0:39:23.58,0:39:24.66,Default,,0,0,0,,and then back to Beijing
Dialogue: 0,0:39:24.66,0:39:27.18,Default,,0,0,0,,That's one year's increase
Dialogue: 0,0:39:27.18,0:39:28.94,Default,,0,0,0,,The result is as follows
Dialogue: 0,0:39:28.94,0:39:31.34,Default,,0,0,0,,The primary source of PM2.5 within Beijing
Dialogue: 0,0:39:31.34,0:39:34.26,Default,,0,0,0,,is these vehicles
Dialogue: 0,0:39:34.26,0:39:35.94,Default,,0,0,0,,But there is another city that surprised me
Dialogue: 0,0:39:35.94,0:39:39.66,Default,,0,0,0,,This city is under haze for over 200 days per year
Dialogue: 0,0:39:41.34,0:39:43.34,Default,,0,0,0,,You can guess which city that is
Dialogue: 0,0:39:46.02,0:39:47.34,Default,,0,0,0,,Which one?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:50.62,0:39:52.54,Default,,0,0,0,,Let's try another picture
Dialogue: 0,0:39:52.54,0:39:54.10,Default,,0,0,0,,Qinghai you say?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:54.10,0:39:56.78,Default,,0,0,0,,Qingdao?
Dialogue: 0,0:39:56.78,0:39:59.18,Default,,0,0,0,,Hangzhou
Dialogue: 0,0:39:59.18,0:40:00.66,Default,,0,0,0,,To be honest I am as shocked as you are
Dialogue: 0,0:40:00.66,0:40:02.38,Default,,0,0,0,,because I always thought
Dialogue: 0,0:40:02.38,0:40:04.82,Default,,0,0,0,,These were the scenes of misty rain described in all those famous poems.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:04.82,0:40:06.78,Default,,0,0,0,,Later I made a call to the Hangzhou MEP
Dialogue: 0,0:40:06.78,0:40:07.90,Default,,0,0,0,,and they confirmed this
Dialogue: 0,0:40:07.90,0:40:10.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Because the rate of vehicle ownership per capita in Hangzhou
Dialogue: 0,0:40:10.42,0:40:11.10,Default,,0,0,0,,is the highest among all cities in China
Dialogue: 0,0:40:11.10,0:40:13.22,Default,,0,0,0,,On average, there is one car for every two people.
Dialogue: 0,0:40:13.22,0:40:14.38,Default,,0,0,0,,So the vehicles of Hangzhou
Dialogue: 0,0:40:14.38,0:40:16.38,Default,,0,0,0,,contribute nearly 40% of its air pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:40:16.38,0:40:19.50,Default,,0,0,0,,Do more cars necessarily mean more pollution?
Dialogue: 0,0:40:19.50,0:40:20.74,Default,,0,0,0,,Here’s a question we often hear
Dialogue: 0,0:40:20.74,0:40:22.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Aren’t there more cars in Tokyo than in Beijing?
Dialogue: 0,0:40:22.42,0:40:25.46,Default,,0,0,0,,Why don’t we see such severe pollution in Tokyo?
Dialogue: 0,0:40:25.46,0:40:28.26,Default,,0,0,0,,This is the explanation given by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Transport:
Dialogue: 0,0:40:28.26,0:40:31.94,Default,,0,0,0,,More than 90% of Tokyo's residents commute by rail
Dialogue: 0,0:40:31.94,0:40:34.26,Default,,0,0,0,,Less than 6% of them drive
Dialogue: 0,0:40:34.26,0:40:35.90,Default,,0,0,0,,What about in Beijing?
Dialogue: 0,0:40:35.90,0:40:37.70,Default,,0,0,0,,34% of Beijing residents drive cars
Dialogue: 0,0:40:37.70,0:40:40.26,Default,,0,0,0,,And they drive in the city center, usually stuck in traffic jams
Dialogue: 0,0:40:40.26,0:40:41.46,Default,,0,0,0,,When they are stuck their cars are idling
Dialogue: 0,0:40:41.46,0:40:42.62,Default,,0,0,0,,which doubles the rate of emissions
Dialogue: 0,0:40:42.62,0:40:44.98,Default,,0,0,0,,And when they brake, even more heavy metals are released
Dialogue: 0,0:40:44.98,0:40:47.34,Default,,0,0,0,,So every day during rush hour in Beijing
Dialogue: 0,0:40:47.34,0:40:49.94,Default,,0,0,0,,how much PM2.5 is emitted in one hour
Dialogue: 0,0:40:49.94,0:40:51.58,Default,,0,0,0,,within the 6th ring?
Dialogue: 0,0:40:51.58,0:40:52.30,Default,,0,0,0,,One ton
Dialogue: 0,0:40:53.18,0:40:54.86,Default,,0,0,0,,How many Beijing residents would choose to drive
Dialogue: 0,0:40:54.86,0:40:56.02,Default,,0,0,0,,if they are going somewhere within 5km?
Dialogue: 0,0:40:57.74,0:40:59.18,Default,,0,0,0,,Close to half
Dialogue: 0,0:40:59.18,0:41:00.82,Default,,0,0,0,,12% of all residents
Dialogue: 0,0:41:00.82,0:41:03.94,Default,,0,0,0,,would drive within 2km
Dialogue: 0,0:41:03.94,0:41:05.46,Default,,0,0,0,,And 7%
Dialogue: 0,0:41:05.46,0:41:06.66,Default,,0,0,0,,would drive within 1km
Dialogue: 0,0:41:06.66,0:41:07.74,Default,,0,0,0,,How far is 1km?
Dialogue: 0,0:41:07.74,0:41:09.14,Default,,0,0,0,,That’s a trip to the supermarket
Dialogue: 0,0:41:09.14,0:41:10.98,Default,,0,0,0,,or greengrocer's
Dialogue: 0,0:41:10.98,0:41:13.38,Default,,0,0,0,,Do we really love driving so much?
Dialogue: 0,0:41:13.38,0:41:15.06,Default,,0,0,0,,Perhaps a few of us do
Dialogue: 0,0:41:15.06,0:41:17.42,Default,,0,0,0,,But there can’t be so many irrational people, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:41:17.42,0:41:20.58,Default,,0,0,0,,My family owns a car, but after our child was born we made a rule
Dialogue: 0,0:41:20.58,0:41:22.26,Default,,0,0,0,,basically we would only drive for our parents, our kid
Dialogue: 0,0:41:22.26,0:41:23.38,Default,,0,0,0,,or when we go to the airport or hospital
Dialogue: 0,0:41:23.38,0:41:26.82,Default,,0,0,0,,When my husband goes to work every day, he rides a bicycle
Dialogue: 0,0:41:26.82,0:41:28.26,Default,,0,0,0,,This is how you ride a bicycle
Dialogue: 0,0:41:28.26,0:41:29.18,Default,,0,0,0,,in front of our apartment building
Dialogue: 0,0:41:30.90,0:41:32.26,Default,,0,0,0,,That’s the only way to ride
Dialogue: 0,0:41:32.26,0:41:34.22,Default,,0,0,0,,Why?
Dialogue: 0,0:41:34.22,0:41:36.02,Default,,0,0,0,,This is our bicycle lane
Dialogue: 0,0:41:36.02,0:41:38.70,Default,,0,0,0,,It’s almost always full of cars
Dialogue: 0,0:41:38.70,0:41:39.82,Default,,0,0,0,,Beijing has over 5 million vehicles
Dialogue: 0,0:41:39.82,0:41:41.98,Default,,0,0,0,,but only half of them have a parking space
Dialogue: 0,0:41:41.98,0:41:43.46,Default,,0,0,0,,But no car can park in the air
Dialogue: 0,0:41:43.46,0:41:45.06,Default,,0,0,0,,so you find them in bicycle lanes
Dialogue: 0,0:41:45.06,0:41:46.54,Default,,0,0,0,,and on sidewalks
Dialogue: 0,0:41:46.54,0:41:48.14,Default,,0,0,0,,That’s how they park
Dialogue: 0,0:41:48.14,0:41:50.22,Default,,0,0,0,,Of course, humanity is the same throughout the world
Dialogue: 0,0:41:50.22,0:41:51.82,Default,,0,0,0,,Without regulations, this can happen anywhere
Dialogue: 0,0:41:51.82,0:41:53.58,Default,,0,0,0,,Let’s check London
Dialogue: 0,0:41:53.58,0:41:55.54,Default,,0,0,0,,It seems they also parked like this in the old days
Dialogue: 0,0:41:55.54,0:41:58.54,Default,,0,0,0,,then the parking meters were installed
Dialogue: 0,0:41:58.54,0:42:00.22,Default,,0,0,0,,and they parked like this
Dialogue: 0,0:42:00.22,0:42:03.26,Default,,0,0,0,,Then London raised its parking fee and congestion charge
Dialogue: 0,0:42:03.26,0:42:04.74,Default,,0,0,0,,so they parked like this
Dialogue: 0,0:42:04.74,0:42:06.38,Default,,0,0,0,,A few days ago, I heard that people are trying the same thing in Shenzhen
Dialogue: 0,0:42:06.38,0:42:08.90,Default,,0,0,0,,they started to charge high parking fees
Dialogue: 0,0:42:08.90,0:42:13.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Then the folks in Shenzhen parked like this (laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:42:13.98,0:42:15.66,Default,,0,0,0,,The same thing happened in Tokyo 50 years ago
Dialogue: 0,0:42:15.66,0:42:16.58,Default,,0,0,0,,It’s not that easy
Dialogue: 0,0:42:16.58,0:42:17.86,Default,,0,0,0,,It took them a long time
Dialogue: 0,0:42:17.86,0:42:19.74,Default,,0,0,0,,to clear the cars out of the way one by one
Dialogue: 0,0:42:19.74,0:42:22.66,Default,,0,0,0,,This is a test of meticulous city management.
Dialogue: 0,0:42:22.66,0:42:24.86,Default,,0,0,0,,Car-lovers have another question
Dialogue: 0,0:42:24.86,0:42:26.82,Default,,0,0,0,,As this photo shows
Dialogue: 0,0:42:26.82,0:42:29.86,Default,,0,0,0,,there are no vehicles in Beijing at midnight, are there?
Dialogue: 0,0:42:29.86,0:42:32.26,Default,,0,0,0,,Why is the pollution still so severe?
Dialogue: 0,0:42:32.26,0:42:34.86,Default,,0,0,0,,Is it really caused by cars?
Dialogue: 0,0:42:34.86,0:42:36.26,Default,,0,0,0,,This question also troubled me for a long time
Dialogue: 0,0:42:36.26,0:42:38.22,Default,,0,0,0,,Until the Chinese Academy of Sciences showed me this chart
Dialogue: 0,0:42:40.70,0:42:42.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Before every dawn in Beijing
Dialogue: 0,0:42:42.98,0:42:44.66,Default,,0,0,0,,There’s always a peak in pollution
Dialogue: 0,0:42:44.66,0:42:46.50,Default,,0,0,0,,It shows up consistently every day
Dialogue: 0,0:42:46.50,0:42:48.10,Default,,0,0,0,,At this peak, carbon emissions are about twice as high
Dialogue: 0,0:42:48.10,0:42:50.38,Default,,0,0,0,,as the peak in the afternoon on the same day
Dialogue: 0,0:42:50.38,0:42:52.50,Default,,0,0,0,,So what exactly is this?
Dialogue: 0,0:42:52.50,0:42:53.74,Default,,0,0,0,,I wanted to know the answer as well
Dialogue: 0,0:42:53.74,0:42:55.06,Default,,0,0,0,,So we went to Yanqing district of Beijing
Dialogue: 0,0:42:56.00,0:42:58.00,Default,,0,0,0,,Yanqing - Kangzhuang Toll Station, 2:30am 11 October 2014
Dialogue: 0,0:42:59.18,0:43:00.14,Default,,0,0,0,,Inspector: Halt!
Dialogue: 0,0:43:00.14,0:43:02.14,Default,,0,0,0,,Vehicle type: Futian Aoling
Dialogue: 0,0:43:02.14,0:43:04.14,Default,,0,0,0,,Displayed emissions standard: National Standard 4
Dialogue: 0,0:43:04.54,0:43:06.46,Default,,0,0,0,,This truck doesn't have the basic equipment for a Standard 4
Dialogue: 0,0:43:06.46,0:43:08.14,Default,,0,0,0,,Chai: So in fact it's not a Standard 4 vehicle
Dialogue: 0,0:43:08.14,0:43:09.06,Default,,0,0,0,,Driver: So what should I do?
Dialogue: 0,0:43:09.06,0:43:10.34,Default,,0,0,0,,Driver: I just bought this new truck
Dialogue: 0,0:43:10.70,0:43:12.14,Default,,0,0,0,,This is my environmental protection label
Dialogue: 0,0:43:12.14,0:43:13.58,Default,,0,0,0,,It was issued this year
Dialogue: 0,0:43:16.00,0:43:17.96,Default,,0,0,0,,Random inspection of another vehicle
Dialogue: 0,0:43:17.96,0:43:19.10,Default,,0,0,0,,Vehicle type: Chang'an Kaima
Dialogue: 0,0:43:19.10,0:43:20.62,Default,,0,0,0,,Displayed emissions standard: National Standard 3
Dialogue: 0,0:43:20.62,0:43:22.02,Default,,0,0,0,,What does 3.29 mean?
Dialogue: 0,0:43:22.02,0:43:23.18,Default,,0,0,0,,It’s above the limit
Dialogue: 0,0:43:23.18,0:43:24.42,Default,,0,0,0,,This is even beyond Standard 1
Dialogue: 0,0:43:24.42,0:43:26.42,Default,,0,0,0,,So it has no emission control device at all?
Dialogue: 0,0:43:26.42,0:43:28.14,Default,,0,0,0,,No, basically no emission control at all
Dialogue: 0,0:43:28.14,0:43:28.90,Default,,0,0,0,,He has the green label
Dialogue: 0,0:43:29.38,0:43:30.62,Default,,0,0,0,,It says Standard 3
Dialogue: 0,0:43:30.62,0:43:31.26,Default,,0,0,0,,Who issued it?
Dialogue: 0,0:43:31.26,0:43:33.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Hebei Province Department of Environmental Protection
Dialogue: 0,0:43:33.98,0:43:35.42,Default,,0,0,0,,When I bought it they said it was Standard 3
Dialogue: 0,0:43:35.42,0:43:37.50,Default,,0,0,0,,How could I know? I was just buying a truck
Dialogue: 0,0:43:37.50,0:43:39.50,Default,,0,0,0,,Finally, the car was not given an on the spot fine
Dialogue: 0,0:43:40.66,0:43:41.94,Default,,0,0,0,,His truck is on the green channel
Dialogue: 0,0:43:41.94,0:43:43.50,Default,,0,0,0,,It's carrying eggs, milk, and oil
Dialogue: 0,0:43:43.50,0:43:44.86,Default,,0,0,0,,It’s part of the city’s supply system
Dialogue: 0,0:43:44.86,0:43:48.01,Default,,0,0,0,,According to the regulations, we should not penalize this truck
Dialogue: 0,0:43:48.01,0:43:50.30,Default,,0,0,0,,Li Kunsheng, Director of Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau, Vehicular Emissions Department
Dialogue: 0,0:43:50.30,0:43:51.12,Default,,0,0,0,,Fake cars are common
Dialogue: 0,0:43:51.12,0:43:53.70,Default,,0,0,0,,Or if we put it in more serious terms, fake cars are everywhere
Dialogue: 0,0:43:53.70,0:43:55.06,Default,,0,0,0,,It's a secret kept within the automotive industry
Dialogue: 0,0:43:55.06,0:43:56.94,Default,,0,0,0,,90% of basic environmental protection devices are not installed
Dialogue: 0,0:43:56.94,0:43:58.46,Default,,0,0,0,,So how does that play out in terms of emissions?
Dialogue: 0,0:43:58.46,0:44:00.34,Default,,0,0,0,,If 30,000 vehicles enter the city
Dialogue: 0,0:44:00.34,0:44:02.86,Default,,0,0,0,,It's equivalent to several million vehicles on the road at night
Dialogue: 0,0:44:04.74,0:44:09.38,Default,,0,0,0,,What kind of emissions result if emission control devices are not used?
Dialogue: 0,0:44:09.38,0:44:10.98,Default,,0,0,0,,The quantity of particulate emissions
Dialogue: 0,0:44:10.98,0:44:12.82,Default,,0,0,0,,from just one vehicle
Dialogue: 0,0:44:12.82,0:44:15.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Is 500 times the emissions from a vehicle of National Standard 4
Dialogue: 0,0:44:15.98,0:44:17.66,Default,,0,0,0,,Diesel cars do not make up a big proportion of vehicles
Dialogue: 0,0:44:17.66,0:44:18.90,Default,,0,0,0,,It’s similar to the case of scrap coal
Dialogue: 0,0:44:18.90,0:44:19.82,Default,,0,0,0,,There are not many
Dialogue: 0,0:44:19.82,0:44:21.14,Default,,0,0,0,,Only 17% of all cars are diesel
Dialogue: 0,0:44:21.14,0:44:23.22,Default,,0,0,0,,but their emissions of nitrogen oxides
Dialogue: 0,0:44:23.22,0:44:25.70,Default,,0,0,0,,make up 70% of all vehicle emissions
Dialogue: 0,0:44:25.70,0:44:27.42,Default,,0,0,0,,and as for their emission of primary particles
Dialogue: 0,0:44:27.42,0:44:28.54,Default,,0,0,0,,relative to all vehicles?
Dialogue: 0,0:44:28.54,0:44:30.50,Default,,0,0,0,,99%
Dialogue: 0,0:44:30.50,0:44:32.02,Default,,0,0,0,,There's an even scarier aspect to this too
Dialogue: 0,0:44:32.02,0:44:34.46,Default,,0,0,0,,The particulates in diesel vehicle emissions
Dialogue: 0,0:44:34.46,0:44:36.78,Default,,0,0,0,,have exceptionally high toxicity
Dialogue: 0,0:44:36.78,0:44:38.06,Default,,0,0,0,,PAHs are carcinogens
Dialogue: 0,0:44:38.06,0:44:41.66,Default,,0,0,0,,But diesel vehicles emit PAHs on steroids
Dialogue: 0,0:44:41.66,0:44:45.86,Default,,0,0,0,,Nitro-PAHs, which are an order of magnitude more carcinogenic
Dialogue: 0,0:44:45.86,0:44:47.94,Default,,0,0,0,,When I saw those drivers of diesel vehicles in Yanqing
Dialogue: 0,0:44:47.94,0:44:51.82,Default,,0,0,0,,I realized that they themselves are the biggest victims of their own diesel emissions
Dialogue: 0,0:44:51.82,0:44:54.46,Default,,0,0,0,,They are a group at very high risk for cancer
Dialogue: 0,0:44:54.46,0:44:57.86,Default,,0,0,0,,Besides, it seems fairly unreasonable to punish these people
Dialogue: 0,0:44:57.86,0:45:00.06,Default,,0,0,0,,They spent their own money
Dialogue: 0,0:45:00.06,0:45:01.66,Default,,0,0,0,,They bought vehicles with legal certificates
Dialogue: 0,0:45:01.66,0:45:02.82,Default,,0,0,0,,issued by the government
Dialogue: 0,0:45:02.82,0:45:04.46,Default,,0,0,0,,What reason do we have to fine them?
Dialogue: 0,0:45:04.46,0:45:05.86,Default,,0,0,0,,If we want to blame someone
Dialogue: 0,0:45:05.86,0:45:07.18,Default,,0,0,0,,shouldn’t we start with those
Dialogue: 0,0:45:07.18,0:45:08.90,Default,,0,0,0,,responsible for manufacturing these fake vehicles?
Dialogue: 0,0:45:09.09,0:45:10.67,Default,,0,0,0,,Chai: Could you explain why
Dialogue: 0,0:45:10.67,0:45:13.92,Default,,0,0,0,,the emission devices weren't installed during production?
Dialogue: 0,0:45:13.92,0:45:15.92,Default,,0,0,0,,Boss: Well, there are trucks for export
Dialogue: 0,0:45:15.92,0:45:19.33,Default,,0,0,0,,exporting to Africa and other places
Dialogue: 0,0:45:19.33,0:45:21.27,Default,,0,0,0,,There are also National Standard 1 and 2
Dialogue: 0,0:45:21.27,0:45:22.99,Default,,0,0,0,,and European Standard 1 and 2 and 0 as well
Dialogue: 0,0:45:22.99,0:45:24.09,Default,,0,0,0,,And some African ones
Dialogue: 0,0:45:24.09,0:45:26.93,Default,,0,0,0,,But your trucks have National Standard 4 labels on them
Dialogue: 0,0:45:26.93,0:45:31.43,Default,,0,0,0,,Well... perhaps they... export... like if they export
Dialogue: 0,0:45:31.43,0:45:32.52,Default,,0,0,0,,They are sold for export
Dialogue: 0,0:45:32.52,0:45:37.12,Default,,0,0,0,,Ummm... so that's how it happened
Dialogue: 0,0:45:37.12,0:45:39.01,Default,,0,0,0,,You mean you put the wrong labels on by mistake?
Dialogue: 0,0:45:39.92,0:45:41.98,Default,,0,0,0,,Yeah, maybe they stuck, stuck, something of their own
Dialogue: 0,0:45:41.98,0:45:43.11,Default,,0,0,0,,Someone wants the cars
Dialogue: 0,0:45:43.11,0:45:45.12,Default,,0,0,0,,So, so, so, we sold them (laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:45:45.58,0:45:47.90,Default,,0,0,0,,I don’t know how our African brothers would feel after hearing this
Dialogue: 0,0:45:47.90,0:45:50.34,Default,,0,0,0,,A business always has its rationalizations
Dialogue: 0,0:45:50.34,0:45:51.46,Default,,0,0,0,,and reasons
Dialogue: 0,0:45:51.46,0:45:53.42,Default,,0,0,0,,But what makes me curious is
Dialogue: 0,0:45:53.42,0:45:54.42,Default,,0,0,0,,for more than ten years
Dialogue: 0,0:45:54.42,0:45:56.78,Default,,0,0,0,,if such fake manufacturers are so common and widespread,
Dialogue: 0,0:45:56.78,0:45:58.10,Default,,0,0,0,,and are known by the supervisory departments
Dialogue: 0,0:45:58.10,0:45:59.54,Default,,0,0,0,,why aren't they dealt with?
Dialogue: 0,0:45:59.54,0:46:01.02,Default,,0,0,0,,Don’t we have laws?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:01.02,0:46:03.14,Default,,0,0,0,,Don’t we have regulations
Dialogue: 0,0:46:03.14,0:46:04.38,Default,,0,0,0,,to recall defective automotive products?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:04.38,0:46:06.30,Default,,0,0,0,,Such products can surely be recalled, can't they?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:06.30,0:46:08.26,Default,,0,0,0,,However, from 2004 to today
Dialogue: 0,0:46:08.26,0:46:09.62,Default,,0,0,0,,how many times has this law been applied
Dialogue: 0,0:46:09.62,0:46:11.74,Default,,0,0,0,,to these kinds of vehicles?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:11.74,0:46:12.86,Default,,0,0,0,,Not even once
Dialogue: 0,0:46:12.86,0:46:13.78,Default,,0,0,0,,Why?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:13.78,0:46:15.58,Default,,0,0,0,,This is the answer I got
Dialogue: 0,0:46:15.58,0:46:16.98,Default,,0,0,0,,only when the defects pose unreasonable danger
Dialogue: 0,0:46:16.98,0:46:19.74,Default,,0,0,0,,towards the safety of people or their property
Dialogue: 0,0:46:19.74,0:46:22.02,Default,,0,0,0,,can the product be recalled
Dialogue: 0,0:46:22.02,0:46:23.06,Default,,0,0,0,,They say
Dialogue: 0,0:46:23.06,0:46:24.10,Default,,0,0,0,,leaving environmental protection devices out of manufacturing
Dialogue: 0,0:46:24.10,0:46:25.02,Default,,0,0,0,,has nothing to do with safety
Dialogue: 0,0:46:25.02,0:46:26.54,Default,,0,0,0,,It won’t kill anyone
Dialogue: 0,0:46:26.54,0:46:29.10,Default,,0,0,0,,so there’s no reason for a recall
Dialogue: 0,0:46:29.10,0:46:31.66,Default,,0,0,0,,Then do we have the right to fine the manufacturers or make them destroy their products?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:31.66,0:46:32.50,Default,,0,0,0,,We do
Dialogue: 0,0:46:32.50,0:46:34.34,Default,,0,0,0,,The “Atmospheric Pollution Prevention Act” states that:
Dialogue: 0,0:46:34.34,0:46:36.10,Default,,0,0,0,,You can make these factories stop their illegal production
Dialogue: 0,0:46:36.10,0:46:36.62,Default,,0,0,0,,You can fine them
Dialogue: 0,0:46:36.62,0:46:38.10,Default,,0,0,0,,You can also confiscate and destroy their products
Dialogue: 0,0:46:38.10,0:46:40.94,Default,,0,0,0,,More than ten years have passed since 2002
Dialogue: 0,0:46:40.94,0:46:43.58,Default,,0,0,0,,How many times has this law been used?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:43.58,0:46:46.30,Default,,0,0,0,,Not even once
Dialogue: 0,0:46:46.30,0:46:47.18,Default,,0,0,0,,Why?
Dialogue: 0,0:46:47.18,0:46:48.70,Default,,0,0,0,,This is the answer I got
Dialogue: 0,0:46:48.70,0:46:53.50,Default,,0,0,0,,This law can only be enforced by the departments with the legal right of supervision
Dialogue: 0,0:46:53.50,0:46:54.74,Default,,0,0,0,,Everyone says
Dialogue: 0,0:46:54.74,0:46:57.66,Default,,0,0,0,,I don’t know which department that is
Dialogue: 0,0:46:57.66,0:47:00.14,Default,,0,0,0,,Since there are only a few departments related to automotive management
Dialogue: 0,0:47:00.14,0:47:01.54,Default,,0,0,0,,I just called them one by one
Dialogue: 0,0:47:01.54,0:47:04.22,Default,,0,0,0,,First I asked the Ministry of Environmental Protection
Dialogue: 0,0:47:04.22,0:47:05.62,Default,,0,0,0,,They said:
Dialogue: 0,0:47:05.62,0:47:08.34,Default,,0,0,0,,As far as we know, it’s not us
Dialogue: 0,0:47:08.34,0:47:10.06,Default,,0,0,0,,Then I asked the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
Dialogue: 0,0:47:10.06,0:47:13.26,Default,,0,0,0,,They say: It’s definitely not us
Dialogue: 0,0:47:13.26,0:47:15.90,Default,,0,0,0,,Then I asked the General Administration of Quality Supervision and Inspection, they said:
Dialogue: 0,0:47:15.90,0:47:18.54,Default,,0,0,0,,It should be all three of us
Dialogue: 0,0:47:18.54,0:47:20.38,Default,,0,0,0,,I think they do have a reason to be confused
Dialogue: 0,0:47:20.38,0:47:21.62,Default,,0,0,0,,Why doesn’t the law
Dialogue: 0,0:47:21.62,0:47:24.06,Default,,0,0,0,,just clarify who is in charge of this management?
Dialogue: 0,0:47:24.06,0:47:25.82,Default,,0,0,0,,I had to turn to the National People’s Congress
Dialogue: 0,0:47:25.82,0:47:27.54,Default,,0,0,0,,So I called the NPC
Dialogue: 0,0:47:27.54,0:47:29.50,Default,,0,0,0,,And this was their reply:
Dialogue: 0,0:47:29.50,0:47:33.34,Default,,0,0,0,,The issue of this law's execution is indeed unclear
Dialogue: 0,0:47:33.34,0:47:35.54,Default,,0,0,0,,This is a very rare case in our legislative process
Dialogue: 0,0:47:35.54,0:47:38.99,Default,,0,0,0,,Why would it exist nowhere else but in Article 53 of the Law on Atmosphere?
Dialogue: 0,0:47:38.99,0:47:40.17,Default,,0,0,0,,Ding Yan - Director of MEP Vehicular Pollution Research Institute
Dialogue: 0,0:47:40.17,0:47:40.82,Default,,0,0,0,,We asked them (NPC) back then
Dialogue: 0,0:47:40.82,0:47:42.34,Default,,0,0,0,,Why did you write the Law on Atmosphere like this?
Dialogue: 0,0:47:42.34,0:47:43.42,Default,,0,0,0,,Why don’t you just let us take charge of it?
Dialogue: 0,0:47:43.42,0:47:45.82,Default,,0,0,0,,They replied that because when they were making this law
Dialogue: 0,0:47:45.82,0:47:47.26,Default,,0,0,0,,many departments opposed it
Dialogue: 0,0:47:47.26,0:47:48.30,Default,,0,0,0,,saying that the MEP should not be in charge
Dialogue: 0,0:47:48.30,0:47:50.14,Default,,0,0,0,,so the bill could not pass
Dialogue: 0,0:47:50.14,0:47:53.14,Default,,0,0,0,,In the end the NPC had to use a vague term to make it pass
Dialogue: 0,0:47:53.14,0:47:55.22,Default,,0,0,0,,So it says that only departments with executive authority can enforce this law
Dialogue: 0,0:47:55.22,0:47:57.26,Default,,0,0,0,,It sounds like all three departments are responsible for supervision
Dialogue: 0,0:47:57.26,0:47:58.78,Default,,0,0,0,,But in reality we c tdl522 发表于 2015-3-7 20:55
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.54,0:00:06.04,Default,,0,0,0,,This graph shows the Beijing PM2.5 index d ...
强大啊，顶一个 国内全面禁播了。。也许最近我们发布的帖子也要全面清空。。 这效率可真够搞的呀！ 谢谢楼主分享。{:1106_362:} 柴静同志这次的动静很大呀！ 这个女子不简单，搞得有些人很不爽啊！ 倒了一个，会有千千万万个站起来的！ 不错,先下了,然后看看 {:1106_362:} 哪里有英文版的下载呢？ 莲花 发表于 2015-3-16 13:36
哪里有英文版的下载呢？
youtube里面有下载，可以去看看
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